Article Text
Review
The radiation burden of radiological investigations
Abstract
The harmful effects of ionising radiation are widely acknowledged. It has been reported that young children, particularly girls, have a higher sensitivity to radiation than adults. However, the exact detrimental effects of radiation, particularly at the low doses used in routine diagnostic radiography, are unknown and the subject of much controversy. Computed tomography (CT) accounts for about 9% of all radiological examinations but is responsible for 47% of medical radiation dose. Approximately 11% of CT examinations performed are in the paediatric population, but the long-term hazards of CT are unknown.
- radiation
- paediatrics
- computed tomography
- nuclear medicine
- radiography
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Footnotes
Competing interests: None.
- Abbreviations:
- CNR
- contrast-to-noise ratio
- CR
- computed radiography
- CT
- computed tomography
- DAP
- dose area product
- DMSA
- dimercaptosuccinic acid
- DR
- direct radiography
- IRMER
- Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2000
- IRR99
- Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999
- LNT
- linear, no threshold
- MIBG
- metaiodobenzylguanidine
- MSCT
- multi-slice CT
- PET
- positron emission tomography
- SSCT
- single-slice CT