Online First
July 06, 2022
- Original researchPostoperative morbidities with infant cardiac surgery and toddlers’ neurodevelopment
A multi-centre followup study evaluating neurodevelopmental outcomes of children aged 2-3 years who underwent infant cardiac surgery and experienced post-operative morbidities compared to matched controls who did not have complications.
June 30, 2022
- Original researchDiabetic ketoacidosis fluid management in children: systematic review and meta-analyses
This review and metanalysis of fluid management in paediatric diabetic ketoacidosis found no evidence that the rate of fluid administration has any effect on clinical outcomes or length of stay.
June 29, 2022
- Original researchFactors that may improve paediatric workplace-based assessments: an exploratory study
By using semi-structured interviews, this study looks at trainees’ and assessors’ views of workplace-based assessments, identifying time, training and limitations of technology as barriers to completion.
- Original researchPaediatric health-related quality of life in congenital cytomegalovirus
What is the Health Related Quality of life (HRQoL) for children with congenital CMV (cCMV) infection and their parents?This study found cCMV has a significant effect on the HRQoL of children with cCMV and their parents, with the children with the most significant health needs having the lowest HRQoL compared to those children with little or no effects on their health.This information could help assess the possible benefits of screening for cCMV.
June 28, 2022
- Global child healthSickle cell disease in children: an update of the evidence in low- and middle-income settings
Systematic review of the management of sickle cell disease in low and middle income countries. It is both an excellent commentary of the state of this disease in high and low income settings, and up-to-date guideline for treating sickle cell disease in all settings
June 27, 2022
June 22, 2022
June 21, 2022
- Images in paediatricsAn unusual presentation of giant juvenile xanthogranuloma in a 9-year-old child
- Original researchReductions in hospital care among clinically vulnerable children aged 0–4 years during the COVID-19 pandemic
While children with chronic conditions, prematurity or were born with low birthweight make up a sixth of children aged 0-4 years in England, they account of up to half of COVID-21 pandemic-related reductions in hospital contact (from Jan 2020 to March 2021).
June 20, 2022
June 16, 2022
- Original researchAdherence to the 2015 and 2020 British Society of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes guidelines and outcomes in critically ill children with diabetic ketoacidosis: a retrospective cohort study
UK retrospective cohorts fails to show differences in outcomes with 2015- vs 2020-BSPED fluid protocols for DKA management.
- Global child healthIncidence and aetiology of infant Gram-negative bacteraemia and meningitis: systematic review and meta-analysis
This systematic review confirms the disproportionate burden of Gram negative infections in low and middle income countries, compared to high income countries.
June 15, 2022
- Original researchPrevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in infants with bronchiolitis: a multicentre international study
During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, very few infants with SARS-CoV-2 had bronchiolitis and mostly displayed a mild clinical course. Overall there was a marked decrease in bronchiolitis cases, indeed the RSV winter epidemic did not occur.
June 14, 2022
- Original researchImpact of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department attendances for young people
Authors assessed the impact of the pandemic on Emergency admissions. Authors found a substantial reduction in both ED presentations and admissions. The differential impact on specific presentations suggests this was due to the impact of social distancing and reduced social mixing
- Original researchEvidence supporting safe diagnosis of coeliac disease in children with antitissue transglutaminase titre ≥5 times upper limit of normal
This single centre retrospective study of anti-tissue transglutaminase titres in children with coeliac disease suggests that there is greater scope for safe diagnosis without endoscopy and biopsy by reducing the cut off for antibody titre from the currently recommended level.
June 10, 2022
- Original researchOral saliva swab reverse transcription PCR for Covid-19 in the paediatric population
The results from this multi-centre prospective diagnostic test accuracy study suggest that molecular testing of oral saliva samples for SARS-CoV-2 in children is an accurate and less invasive alternative to molecular testing of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs.
June 09, 2022
- Original researchFeasibility of single question mental health surveillance in chronic disease
The introduction of a single mental health screening question to a paediatric chronic illness clinic was feasible and acceptable to staff and families. It was a useful tool to identify those requiring more in depth assessment.
- Global child healthVitamin D deficiency in South-East Asian children: a systematic review
Vitamin D deficiency remains underdiagnosed worldwide, with significant impacts on many aspects of child health. The high rates of seemingly healthy children in southeast Asia commonly suffering from this condition help bring attention to this hidden form of malnutrition.
June 08, 2022
- Original researchMeta-analysis of donor–recipient gender profile in paediatric living donor liver transplantation
Scarcity of organs for transplantation makes living related donor transplantation lifesaving, but it may not be equitably distributed. In pediatric transplants, female adult living donors are more common, while male recipients are more common in low- and middle-income settings.
- Original researchMaternal mental health and substance use disorders in sudden unexpected death in infancy using routinely collected health data in New Zealand, 2000–2016
This population-based cohort study of live births in New Zealand using health administrative data showed maternal substance use disorders but not maternal mental health problems in the year prior to an infants birth was associate with a moderately increased risk of sudden unexplained death of infancy.
May 23, 2022
- Global child healthTraining packages for the use of child development tools in low/middle-income countries: a review
Essential to improvements in overall child health is an emphasis on helping children thrive as well as survive. This new emphasis will require a well-trained healthcare workforce in this regard. This paper reviews child development training packages in resource-limited settings.
May 20, 2022
- Original researchLocal nitroglycerin to facilitate peripheral arterial cannulation in children: systematic review and meta-analysis
Topical nitroglycerin may hep arterial cannulation.
May 18, 2022
- Global child healthHigher childhood pneumonia admission threshold remains in Lao PDR: an observational study
This study from Lao assesses adherence to the simplified, less parenteral antibiotic focused WHO 2014 pneumonia guidance compared with earlier recommendations.
May 16, 2022
- Original researchOral and Swallowing Abilities Tool (OrSAT) in nusinersen treated patients
New interventions have radically altered the natural history of Spinal Muscular Atrophy. In this report, oral and swallowing outcomes are report following interventions, widening our understanding of the potential benefits of early treatment.
- Original researchChanges in adolescents’ planned hospital care during the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of linked administrative data
This paper describes changes in planned hospital care for adolescents during the pandemic, highlighting the disproportionate impact on those receiving children’s social care services or special educational needs support.
May 12, 2022
- Original researchDiet and development among children aged 36–59 months in low-income countries
This detailed analysis of Demographic and Health Survey data from children in 15 LMICs demonstrates remarkable connections between diet and cognitive development.
- Original researchDo you know when the inhaler is empty?
Patients cannot reliably identify when their child’s inhaler is empty. There is an urgent need for improving inhaler technology and providing appropriate guidance on how to identify when an MDI inhaler is empty.
May 10, 2022
- Paediatric Emergency MedicineOutpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy: how young is too young?
A prospective 8-year observational study from September 2012 to September 2020 including 76 episodes for which neonates were admitted to the Hospital-in-the-Home (HITH) for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT), and 405 episodes for older infants evaluated the use, the efficacy and the outcomes of OPAT in neonates (≤28 days of age), compared with older infants (1-12 months of age). This study demonstrates that OPAT is a safe and effective way of providing antibiotics to selected clinically stable neonatal patients. Whilst appropriate antibiotic use was common, improvements can still be made.
- Original researchShort-course intravenous antibiotics for young infants with urinary tract infection
This study aimed to determine the safety of early IV-to-oral antibiotic switch, and identify risk factors for bacteraemia with UTIs. Short course IV antibiotics for <48 hours for young infants with non-bacteraemic UTI should be considered, provided meningitis has been excluded. Treatment failure and serious complications were rare in young infants with UTI.
May 09, 2022
May 05, 2022
- Original researchThe role of screening and surveillance in the detection of childhood vision impairment and blindness in the UK
Data from the British Childhood Visual Impairment and Blindness Study 2 is examined in this study, focusing on the patterns of detection for childhood visual impairment. A significant percentage of children with visual impairment were found to have had no reported visual symptoms at the time of diagnosis, highlighting the need for vigilance for these problems in at risk children.
May 02, 2022
- Original researchGestational age and risk of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study
In this large retrospective study, the authors explore the relationship between gestational age on a week-by-week basis and the risk of intellectual disability. This analysis provides further evidence of the potential adverse consequences of even moderate prematurity