Aim To determine the clinical risk factors to predict the progress of TTN in late-preterm and term infants.

Methods The infants with the diagnosis of TTN were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups according to the intensity of respiratory support. Group-1 received any ventilatory support, where group-2 only oxygen. Clinical findings, Richardson and Silverman scores were compared.

Results One-hundred-six (19.1%) infants were evaluated (68 in group-1, 38 in group-2). Mean gestational age and birth weight were lower in group-2. The C/S and male gender rates were similar. Richardson scores, Silverman scores, peak-respiratory rates (pRR) and oxygen need (FiO₂) in the first 24-hours were higher, duration of respiratory support and hospitalization were longer in group-1. The cut-off for Richardson score was 3, and patients whose score higher than 3 had a 6.98-fold-risk, the cut-off for Silverman score was 5 and whose score higher than 5 had a 7.46-fold risk, and the cut-off for pRR in first 24-hours was 75/min and whose pRR was higher than 75/min in first 24-hours had a 1.10-fold risk of receiving ventilatory support (95%CI: 2.30–21.18, 2.54–21.89, and 1.035–1.17, p<0.01, respectively).

Conclusions TTN, is usually a benign and self-limited disease and the prognosis is generally excellent. Assessment of Richardson score, Silverman score, and pRR in first 24-hours of patients may be useful in predicting clinical course of TTN. So by predicting of the intensity for ventilatory support in the patients, it is important to plan and provide the appropriate level of care for these infants.