This work provides a systematic review of the literature from January 2003 to April 2014
pertaining to the incidence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteonecrosis of …

Objective To investigate whether calcium supplements increase the risk of cardiovascular
events. Design Patient level and trial level meta-analyses. Data sources Medline, Embase …

Objectives To investigate the effects of personal calcium supplement use on cardiovascular
risk in the Women's Health Initiative Calcium/Vitamin D Supplementation Study (WHI CaD …

Background Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody to the receptor activator of
nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) that blocks its binding to RANK, inhibiting the …

Background A single infusion of intravenous zoledronic acid decreases bone turnover and
improves bone density at 12 months in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. We …

Background Bisphosphonates are effective agents for the management of osteoporosis.
Their low bioavailability and low potency necessitate frequent administration on an empty …

Objective To determine the effect of calcium supplementation on myocardial infarction,
stroke, and sudden death in healthy postmenopausal women. Design Randomised, placebo …

Zoledronic acid 5 mg (ZOL) annually for 3 years reduces fracture risk in postmenopausal
women with osteoporosis. To investigate long‐term effects of ZOL on bone mineral density …

Body weight impacts on both bone turnover and bone density, and is therefore an important
risk factor for vertebral and hip fractures, ranking in importance alongside that of age. The …

Background The use of calcium supplements slows bone loss in the forearm and has a
beneficial effect on the axial bone density of women in late menopause whose calcium …