To overcome the problem of recurrence of stenosis after vascular balloon dilatations, we developed an expandable, intraluminal graft that allows dilatation of the lesion and simultaneous placement of a supportive endoprosthesis to prevent recoil of the arterial wall. The graft is made of continuous, woven, stainless steel wire. The resulting tubular mesh has a wall thickness of 200-450 micron and 80% open surface. The grafts, mounted on angioplasty catheters, are introduced through 8-12-F Teflon sheaths. Eleven grafts of 6, 8, and 10 mm in diameter by 20 mm long were placed in the aorta, common carotid, superior mesenteric, iliac, and renal arteries of dogs. Six grafts showed no stenosis in follow-up studies of up to 8 weeks. Two grafts had moderate stenosis as a result of neointimal hyperplasia. Two partial and one complete graft thrombosis occurred in nonheparinized animals in which the graft outflow was restricted. Anticoagulant was not used on a long-term basis. Light and electron microscopy studies showed complete covering of the graft's inner surface by endothelium at 3 weeks.