Objective: To compare population versus customized fetal growth norms in identifying neonates at risk for adverse outcomes (APO) associated with small for gestational age (SGA).
Study design: Secondary analysis of an intrapartum fetal pulse oximetry trial in nulliparous women at term. Birth weight percentiles were calculated using ethnicity- and gender-specific population norms and customized norms (Gardosi).
Results: Of the studied neonates, 508 (9.9%) and 584 (11.3%) were SGA by population (SGApop) and customized (SGAcust) norms, respectively. SGApop infants were significantly associated with a composite adverse neonatal outcome, neonatal intensive care admission, low fetal oxygen saturation, and reduced risk of cesarean delivery; both SGApop and SGAcust infants were associated with a 5-minute Apgar score < 4. The ability of customized and population birth weight percentiles in predicting APO was poor (12 of 14 APOs had area under the curve of <0.6).
Conclusion: In this intrapartum cohort, neither customized nor normalized population norms adequately identified neonates at risk of APO related to SGA.
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