Background and aims: Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) therapy might increase the risk of hip fracture. We investigated the association between PPIs therapy and hip fracture by a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. We included studies assessing the effects of PPIs on hip fracture. Data from the studies about odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were gathered and summarized.
Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. PPIs therapy was associated with a statistically significant increase of hip fracture risk (pooled odds ratio=1.24; 95% confidence interval: 1.15-1.34; P<0.00001) under a random model. Meanwhile, we found that the effect of PPIs on hip fracture differs in different duration groups.
Conclusion: These results indicate that PPIs therapy might have the potential risk of hip fracture. Different effects on hip fracture in the subgroup analysis do not support a causal relationship between PPIs and hip fracture. Whether the risk exists warrants further investigation.