The rising incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes and reduced contribution of high-risk HLA haplotypes

Kathleen M Gillespie; Steven C Bain; Anthony H Barnett; Polly J Bingley; Michael R Christie; Geoffrey V Gill; Edwin A M Gale

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17357-1

The rising incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes and reduced contribution of high-risk HLA haplotypes

Lancet. 2004 Nov;364(9446):1699-700. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17357-1.

Authors

Kathleen M Gillespie¹, Steven C Bain, Anthony H Barnett, Polly J Bingley, Michael R Christie, Geoffrey V Gill, Edwin A M Gale

Affiliation

¹ Diabetes and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

PMID: 15530631
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17357-1

Abstract

The incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes has risen over the past 50 years. We compared the frequency of HLA class II haplotypes in 194 patients diagnosed more than 50 years ago and 582 age-matched and sex-matched individuals diagnosed between 1985 and 2002. The proportion of high-risk susceptibility genotypes was increased in the earlier cohort (p=0.003), especially in those diagnosed at age 5 years or younger, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the rise of type 1 diabetes is due to a major environmental effect.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Age of Onset
Child
Child, Preschool
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / epidemiology*
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / genetics
Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics
Genotype
HLA-DQ Antigens / analysis
HLA-DQ alpha-Chains
HLA-DQ beta-Chains
HLA-DR Antigens / analysis
HLA-DRB1 Chains
Haplotypes
Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / analysis*
Humans
Incidence
Risk

Substances

HLA-DQ Antigens
HLA-DQ alpha-Chains
HLA-DQ beta-Chains
HLA-DQA1 antigen
HLA-DQB1 antigen
HLA-DR Antigens
HLA-DRB1 Chains
Histocompatibility Antigens Class II