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Longitudinal evaluation of energy expenditure in preterm infants with birth weight less than 1000 g

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2008

Jacqueline Bauer ,
Kathrin Maier ,
Gerald Hellstern  and
Otwin Linderkamp
Jacqueline Bauer*
Affiliation:
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Heidelberg, Germany
Kathrin Maier
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatrics, University of Freiburg, Germany
Gerald Hellstern
Affiliation:
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Heidelberg, Germany
Otwin Linderkamp
Affiliation:
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Heidelberg, Germany
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Jacqueline Bauer, fax +49 6221 565602, email Jacqueline_Bauer@med.uni-heidelberg.de
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Abstract

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The aim of the present study was to obtain serial values of O2 consumption (VO2), CO2 production (VCO2) and energy expenditure (EE) in healthy but extremely-low-birth-weight infants (birth weight <1000 g), during the first 5 weeks after birth. A total of seventeen spontaneously breathing and appropriate-for-gestational-age (birth weight and body length above the 10th and below the 90th percentile) preterm infants with gestational age 25–28 weeks and birth weight 590–990 g were enrolled in the study. Calorimetry was performed using an open-circuit calorimeter on days 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 of postnatal life. During the 5 weeks of observation, VO2 increased from 4·7 (SD 0·5) TO 9·1 (sd 1·0) ml/kg per min, VCO2 from 4·5 (sd 0·4) to 8·3 (SD 0·6) ml/kg per min and EE from 115 (sd 12) to 310 (sd 71) kJ/kg per d. The energy intake was always higher than EE, even at days 6 and 12. The RER decreased from 0·99 (sd 0·09) at day 12 to 0·91 (SD 0·05) at day 30. On all study days, there were highly significant positive correlations between energy intake and weight gain, EE and weight gain, and EE and energy intake (P<0·05). Multiple regression analysis showed that on most study days EE was more affected by energy intake than by weight gain. We conclude that in healthy preterm infants with birth weight <1000 g, EE increases by about 150 % in the first 5 weeks after birth, and that the EE values are related to energy intake and weight gain independent of postnatal age.

Keywords

Energy expenditureGrowthPretermOxygen consumption
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 89 , Issue 4 , April 2003 , pp. 533 - 537
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2003

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