Original articleRapid cycling in severely multidisabled children: A form of bipolar affective disorder?
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2010, Biochemical PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :This regulation allows melatonin to coordinate circadian rhythms, including the sleep-wake cycle, thus possessing a beneficial and therapeutic effect as demonstrated by the reports of clinical trials with administration of melatonin [114]. Melatonin is widely used to treat various sleep disorders [115–126], including disorders associated with delayed phase sleep syndrome [115–117], periodic sleep disorders in blind patients [118–121] and sleep and behavioral disorders in children with severe brain damage [122–125]. In a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study [126], melatonin was shown to improve sleep efficiency and sleep latency [126] in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, a chronic progressive disorder characterized by repeated episodes of respiratory distress and sleep disturbances [126].
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder: Irregular Sleep Wake Rhythm
2009, Sleep Medicine ClinicsCitation Excerpt :Some success, however, has been shown in small studies in using melatonin to treat sleep disturbances in children who have psychomotor retardation and presumed ISWR.48 Significant, although incomplete, benefit also was reported in an open-label trial of melatonin, 2 to 20 mg, given at bedtime to children who had varied neurologic disabilities and chronic sleep–wake cycle disorders.49,50 Furthermore, a more recent study indicates that a controlled-release melatonin formulation may be more effective for sleep maintenance than the immediate-release formulation in a similar population.
Melatonin receptors in the eye: Location, second messengers and role in ocular physiology
2007, Pharmacology and TherapeuticsTemporal organization of the brain: Neurocognitive mechanisms and clinical implications
2004, Brain and CognitionDevelopment and natural history of mood disorders
2002, Biological PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :The appropriate diagnosis for prepubertal children showing symptoms of mood lability, extreme irritability, or rapid mood cycles remains an unresolved question. Is this an early form of bipolar disorder, or should it be classified differently (Akiskal 1995; Faraone et al 1997; Jan et al 1994; Jones et al 1987; Nottelmann and Jensen 1995)? Fueling this controversy, investigators, clinicians, and advocacy groups have increasingly challenged the view that bipolar disorder in children is extremely rare (Akiskal et al 1985; Carlson 1984; Child and Adolescent Bipolar Foundation <www.bpkids.org. Accessed April 2002.>; Papolos and Papolos 2000; Weller et al 1986).
Melatonin improves sleep-wake patterns in psychomotor retarded children
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