Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
GABAA receptors: ligand-gated Cl− ion channels modulated by multiple drug-binding sites
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GABA-A receptor modulating steroids in acute and chronic stress; relevance for cognition and dementia?
2020, Neurobiology of StressCitation Excerpt :Still, the receptor type containing the α5 subunit is well-known to be related to memory and learning and is highly expressed in hippocampus and subtypes containing α4,βx,δ is very sensitive to APα and the expression of the receptor is regulated by APα (Belelli et al., 2002; Locci and Pinna, 2017). Interestingly, the subunit composition of the receptor determines its sensitivity to not only GABA but also to GAMS (Belelli et al., 2002) and in addition, the GABA-A receptor can be modulated by a number of therapeutic agents, including benzodiazepines (Macdonald and Olsen, 1994; Sieghart, 1992), barbiturates (Smith and Riskin, 1991), anesthetics, ethanol (Harris et al., 1995), zinc (Smart, 1992) and GAMS (Hawkinson et al., 1994; Puia et al., 1990; Lambert et al., 2001a). Several sex and stress steroids are potent GAMS (Paul and Purdy, 1992; Majewska et al., 1986; Zhu et al., 2001; Crawley et al., 1986; Gasior et al., 1999; Lambert et al., 2001b).
Survey of drug therapies against acute oral tetramethylenedisulfotetramine poisoning in a rat voluntary consumption model
2019, NeuroToxicologyCitation Excerpt :Benzodiazepines such as midazolam, diazepam, and lorazepam are the most common first-line drugs for treating seizures, including SE, both in the EMS and ER setting and therefore were included (reviewed in Rogalski and Rogalski, 2015). Two barbiturates, phenobarbital and pentobarbital, were chosen for inclusion in this drug survey due to their actions on the GABAA receptor via a binding site that is distinct from those of the benzodiazepines (Twyman et al., 1989; Sieghart, 1992). In addition to the benzodiazepines and barbiturates, allopregnanolone was included in the drug survey.
Diazepam fails to alter anxiety-like responses but affects motor function in a white-black test paradigm in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)
2018, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :Last, these authors also reported increased general activity in their diazepam exposed fish (Steenbergen et al., 2011), which is in contrast to the known sedative effects of diazepam (Wick, 2013). Diazepam (Valium®), a benzodiazepine allosteric modulator agonist of the GABAA receptor (Atack, 2005), has been widely used as an anxiolytic drug since its introduction to the human clinic in 1963 (Sieghart, 1992a, 1992b). Diazepam is a non-selective benzodiazepine, as it acts via interacting with each of the four different subunits of the GABAA receptor.
GABA<inf>A</inf>/benzodiazepine receptor complex mediates the anxiolytic-like effect of Montanoa tomentosa
2015, Journal of Ethnopharmacology