General articleFractional deposition from a jet nebulizer: How it differs from a metered dose inhaler
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2022, Ultrasonics SonochemistryCitation Excerpt :Despite their appeal, there is room for improvement in the technological design of nebulizers, which include jet nebulizers, ultrasonic nebulizers, and the vibrating mesh nebulizer. Portability remains an issue with jet nebulizers, which can also suffer from delivery inefficiency with reports of only ∼12% delivered dose reaching the lung [15,16]. Modern ultrasonic nebulizers have become more portable, but suffer from the susceptibility of macromolecular drugs to denature under the large cavitation [17–19] and hydrodynamic shear forces induced by the piezoelectric crystal-driven nebulization process [13,14].
Update efficacy of aerosol therapy with noninvasive ventilator approach (non-invasive ventilation and nasal high flow): Aerosol delivery via noninvasive ventilation
2020, Journal of Drug Delivery Science and TechnologyCitation Excerpt :Madney et al. investigated the difference between VMN; Aerogon Solo and JN, placed on the downstream position, in the delivery of inhaled salbutamol within a high flow system at a low flow rate of 5 L/min. Their findings showed that the total inhalable dose with VMN is about two-fold higher than that with JN in agreement with reported disadvantages of JN during NIV [26,162,163]. A recent in-vivo study compared the delivery of VMN versus JN within a high flow system at a low oxygen flow rate of 5 L/min (100% oxygen concentration) on COPD patients [154].
Size distribution of salbutamol/ipratropium aerosols produced by different nebulizers in the absence and presence of heat and humidification
2018, Pulmonary Pharmacology and TherapeuticsCitation Excerpt :The extent of aerosol delivery is influenced by the nebulizer employed [10–13]. Previous studies have showed that 10–20% of the aerosolized drug was deposited in the lungs, while 80% remained in the throat (oropharynx), nebulizer, ventilator circuit, and ambient environment [14,15]. The use of different interfaces also affected aerosolized drug delivery; these include the aerosol mask [6], tracheal mask [8,16], T-piece [17], endotracheal tube [11,18,19], and tracheostomy tube [20].
Protein stability in pulmonary drug delivery via nebulization
2015, Advanced Drug Delivery ReviewsCitation Excerpt :A significant amount of medication is wasted since these devices have a residual “dead” volume of 0.5 to 1.5 mL and usually operate continuously also during exhalation phases. Thus while the respirable fraction of the generated aerosol is in a range of 30–70% [122], only 5–15% of the initial charge actually deposits in the lung [123–127]. This is a significant disadvantage considering the comparably high value of biopharmaceuticals.