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Lupus nephritis in Chinese children – a territory-wide cohort study in Hong Kong

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An Erratum to this article was published on 01 August 2006

An Erratum to this article was published on 01 August 2006

Abstract

We report a multicenter study of Chinese children in Hong Kong with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) nephritis. Children were included if: they fulfilled the ACR criteria, had significant proteinuria or casturia, were Chinese and younger than 19 years and had been diagnosed with SLE between January 1990 and December 2003. Investigators in each center retrieved data on clinical features, biopsy reports, treatment and outcome of these patients. There were 128 patients (eight boys, 120 girls; mean age: 11.9±2.8 years). About 50% presented with multisystem illness and 40% with nephritic/nephrotic symptoms. Negative anti-dsDNA antibodies were found in 6% of the patients. Renal biopsy revealed WHO Class II, III, IV and V nephritis in 13 (10%), 22 (17%), 69 (54%) and 13 (10%) patients, respectively. The clinical severity of the nephritis did not accurately predict renal biopsy findings. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 16.5 years (mean±SD: 5.76±3.61 years). During the study five patients died (two from lupus flare, one from cardiomyopathy, two from infections). Four patients had endstage renal failure (ESRF) (one died during a lupus flare). All deaths and end-stage renal failure occurred in the Class IV nephritis group. Chronic organ damage was infrequent in the survivors. The actuarial patient survival rates at 5, 10 and 15 years of age were 95.3, 91.8, and 91.8%, respectively. For Class IV nephritis patients, the survival rates without ESRF at 5, 10, and 15 years were 91.5, 82.3 and 76%, respectively. The survival and chronic morbidity rates of the Chinese SLE children in the present study are comparable to those of other published studies.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the chiefs-of-service of all pediatric departments in the Hong Kong Hospital Authority for their support and permission to allow us to review the clinical data of the patients in their departments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tsing Chung Koon Road, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Sik-Nin Wong, Reann Wai-Po Chu, Kwok-Wah Fong & Samantha Po-Siu Li

  2. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Kei-Chiu Tse

  3. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Tsz-Leung Lee, Stella Chim & Shu-Yan Chan

  4. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Kwok-Wai Lee & Winnie Chan

  5. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Alice Homiuling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Kwok-Piu Lee

  6. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Joannie Hui, Assunta Chi-Hang Ho, Hon-Ming Cheung & Chung-Mo Chow

  7. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Pa-Shing Yeung

  8. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Eastern Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    So-Fun Yuen

  9. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Lettie Chuk-Kwan Leung

  10. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    David Luk

  11. Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    David Lau

Authors
  1. Sik-Nin Wong
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  2. Kei-Chiu Tse
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  3. Tsz-Leung Lee
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  4. Kwok-Wai Lee
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  5. Stella Chim
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  12. Pa-Shing Yeung
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  13. So-Fun Yuen
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  14. Assunta Chi-Hang Ho
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  15. Lettie Chuk-Kwan Leung
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  16. David Luk
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  17. Shu-Yan Chan
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  18. Hon-Ming Cheung
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  19. Chung-Mo Chow
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  20. David Lau
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sik-Nin Wong.

Additional information

An erratum to this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-006-0190-7

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Wong, SN., Tse, KC., Lee, TL. et al. Lupus nephritis in Chinese children – a territory-wide cohort study in Hong Kong. Pediatr Nephrol 21, 1104–1112 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-006-0052-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-006-0052-3

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