Essential filtering criteria |
1. Welfare grants in pregnancy
and early childhood |
2. Early years education
and childcare |
3. Universal Credit
and welfare policies |
1. Expected health outcomes | Birth outcomes; child physical/cognitive development; child diseases—diabetes, obesity; child mental health; maternal mental health | Child physical/cognitive development; child diseases—obesity; child mental health; maternal mental health | Birth outcomes; child diseases—diabetes, obesity; child mental health; maternal mental health |
2. Variation across UK | Variation in Scotland since 2018 | Provision varies across four UK nations | Mitigation measures and differential effects |
3. Population reach and effect size | Medium | Large | Large |
4. Exposed/eligible group | Low-income pregnant women; Parents/children up to aged 5 years (low-income families) | Preschool children (aged 2–4 years); low income/working families | Benefit recipients |
5. Affect health inequalities? | Yes | Yes | Yes |