Any-TM | ERS-TM* | ||
Bronchiectasis N=45 | Control subjects N=90 | Bronchiectasis N=45 | |
Tracheomalacia present | 14 | 3 | 9 |
Shape | |||
Triangular (left to right) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Triangular (right to left) | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Oval/flattening | 8 | 2 | 6 |
Bulging pars membranosa | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Other | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Location | |||
Junction upper-middle third | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Middle third | 4 | 2 | 3 |
Junction middle-lower third | 5 | 0 | 3 |
Lower third | 4 | 0 | 2 |
Throughout | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Severity | |||
Mild (<50%) | 5 | 3 | Mild (50%–75%) 7 |
Moderate (50%–75%) | 7 | 0 | Moderate (75%–90%) 1 |
Severe (>75%–90%) | 1 | 0 | Severe (>90%) 1 |
Very severe (>90%) | 1 | 0 |
Any-TM, presence of any tracheomalacia; ERS-TM, European Respiratory Society definition of tracheomalacia requiring >50% reduction in cross-sectional luminal area during quiet breathing.4
*Tracheomalacia was not observed in controls using ERS-TM criteria.