Aggregate age-appropriateness for APIs of: (A) antituberculosis medicines, (B) antiretrovirals and (C) Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWARE) classification of antibiotics in the EMLc 2019
| A | Antituberculosis medicines | N | I | T | YC | OC |
| 1 | Amoxicillin+clavulanic acid | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 2 | Bedaquiline* | |||||
| 3 | Clofazimine | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 4 | Cycloserine | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Delamanid† | |||||
| 6 | Ethambutol | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 7 | Ethionamide | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 8 | Isoniazid | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 9 | Isoniazid+pyrazinamide+rifampicin† | |||||
| 10 | Isoniazid+rifampicin† | |||||
| 11 | Levofloxacin‡ | |||||
| 12 | Linezolid | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| 13 | Moxifloxacin‡ | |||||
| 14 | p‐Aminosalicylic acid | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 15 | Pyrazinamide | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 16 | Rifampicin | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 17 | Rifapentine† | |||||
| B | Antiretrovirals§ | |||||
| 1 | Abacavir | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 2 | Abacavir+lamivudine† | |||||
| 3 | Atazanavir | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | Darunavir† | |||||
| 5 | Dolutegravir* | |||||
| 6 | Efavirenz | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 | Lamivudine | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 8 | Lamivudine+nevirapine+zidovudine | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 9 | Lamivudine+zidovudine | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 10 | Lopinavir+ritonavir | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 11 | Nevirapine | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 12 | Raltegravir | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 13 | Ritonavir | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 14 | Zidovudine | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| C | AWARE categorisation of antibiotics | |||||
| Access | ||||||
| 1 | Amoxicillin | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 2 | Amoxicillin+clavulanic acid | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 3 | Cefalexin | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 4 | Chloramphenicol | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 5 | Clindamycin | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 6 | Cloxacillin | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 7 | Doxycycline | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 8 | Metronidazole | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 9 | Nitrofurantoin | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 10 | Phenoxymethylpenicillin | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 11 | Sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Watch | ||||||
| 1 | Azithromycin | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 2 | Cefixime | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 3 | Ciprofloxacin | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 4 | Clarithromycin | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 5 | Vancomycin | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Reserve | ||||||
| 1 | Linezolid | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
*Licensed for use only from 12 years in the BNFc, 2019.
†No dose information in the EMLc 2019, hence omitted from evaluation.
‡Not licensed/listed for oral use in the BNFc because of the risk of tendon rupture, thus, omitted.
§With antiretrovirals, and antituberculosis, medicines, changes to the EMLc 2019 saw about a 50% increase in the inclusion of FSOD. Thus, the age-appropriate formulations include liquids, FSODs or both.
API, active pharmaceutical ingredient; BNFc, British National Formulary for Children; FSOD, flexible solid oral dosage; I, infants; N, neonates; OC, older children; T, toddlers; YC, young children.