Table 3

Comparison of whole-exome genetic study results for sudden unexplained death or SCA after 2016

Authors	Country	Patient group	Number	Age (years)	Genetic test method	Genetic test result	Top three genes identified
Studies of survivors of SCA
Giudicessi and Ackerman19	USA	1999–2017, survived SCA	180	1–50+	Candidate gene approach—channelopathy genes	39.4% pathogenic or likely pathogenic	RYR2>SCN5A>KCNH2
Song et al 20	Korean	2010–2015, survived SCA	19	8–66	100 arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy genes	26.3% pathogenic or likely pathogenic, 63.2% VUS	TTN>RYR2>MYBPC3
Present study	Taiwan	1995–2018, survived SCA	35	1–19	384 channelopathy and cardiomyopathy genes	In 25 tested, 88% pathogenic or likely pathogenic	RyR2>KCNH2=SCN5A
SUD studies
Shanks et al 25	USA	2012–2013, SUD	25	1–40	99 channelopathy cardiomyopathy and SUD in epilepsy-susceptibility genes	28% pathogenic or likely pathogenic, 36% VUS	RyR2>TTN>MYH6
Lin et al 26	USA	2001–2014, SUD	296	0–55	89 channelopathy and cardiomyopathy genes	4.7% pathogenic or likely pathogenic, 41.9% VUS	SCN5A>RyR2>MYBPC3=KCNH2
Lahrouchi et al 27	Europe multicentre	1985–2015, SUD	302	1–64	77 genes of inherited cardiac conditions	13% pathogenic or likely pathogenic, 43% VUS	RYR2 >KCNH2>KCNQ1=SCN5A
Dewar et al 28	Canada	1994–2013, SUD	191	<5	38 channelopathy and cardiomyopathy genes, 33 possible candidate genes	6.3% pathogenic or likely pathogenic, 26.7% VUS	SCN5A>PKP2>MYBPC3
Bagnall et al 9	Australia and New Zealand	2010–2012, SCD	198	1–35	59 channelopathy and cardiomyopathy genes	In 131 SUCD tested, 27% pathogenic or likely pathogenic	RYR2 >SCN5A>DSP
Anderson et al 10 19 20	USA	1998–2010, exertion related SUD	32	1–19	100 channelopathy and cardiomyopathy genes	44% pathogenic or likely pathogenic, 26.7% VUS	RYR2 >KCNQ1>CALM2

SCA, sudden cardiac arrest; SUCD, sudden unexplained cardiac death; SUD, sudden unexplained death.