Table 4

Associations of growth with executive dysfunction and poor motor function at 8 years combining data from the three eras

Growth variableGlobal Executive Composite
OR* (95% CI), p value, N		Behavioral Regulation Index
OR* (95% CI), p value, N		Metacognition Index
OR* (95% CI), p value, N		Poor motor function†
OR* (95% CI), p value, N
Weight   
Birth to 2 years
 unadj1.39 (0.88 to 2.21), 0.16, 4521.07 (0.67 to 1.70), 0.79, 4531.38 (0.90 to 2.11), 0.14, 4520.69 (0.47 to 1.02), 0.061 452
 adj1.45 (0.90 to 2.32), 0.12, 4381.03 (0.64 to 1.65), 0.90, 4391.37 (0.89 to 2.12), 0.15, 4380.67 (0.46 to 0.99), 0.044, 434
2–8 years
 unadj0.97 (0.20 to 4.71), 0.97, 4461.35 (0.34 to 5.41), 0.67, 4471.27 (0.30 to 5.33), 0.75, 4461.80 (0.51 to 6.28), 0.36, 447
 adj0.96 (0.20 to 4.73), 0.96, 4321.31 (0.32 to 5.34), 0.70, 4331.29 (0.30 to 5.45), 0.73, 4321.93 (0.55 to 6.84), 0.31, 430
Head circumference  
Birth to 2 years
 unadj0.56 (0.36 to 0.92), 0.021, 3170.53 (0.34 to 0.81), 0.004, 3170.61 (0.39 to 0.94), 0.027, 3170.45 (0.30 to 0.67), <0.001, 323
 adj0.59 (0.36 to 0.97), 0.038, 3120.55 (0.35 to 0.86), 0.009, 3120.62 (0.39 to 1.00), 0.049, 3120.46 (0.31 to 0.69), <0.001, 314
2–8 years
 unadj1.91 (0.46 to 7.87), 0.37, 4470.96 (0.22 to 4.27), 0.96, 4482.38 (0.59 to 9.59), 0.22, 4473.44 (0.87 to 13.6), 0.08, 450
 adj1.96 (0.48 to 8.07), 0.35, 4331.01 (0.24 to 4.42), 0.98, 4342.20 (0.56 to 8.73), 0.26, 4333.67 (0.87 to 15.4), 0.08, 433
Height 2–8 years
 unadj2.18 (0.31 to 15.4), 0.44, 4402.12 (0.32 to 14.2), 0.44, 4412.66 (0.42 to 16.9), 0.30, 4400.91 (0.18 to 4.66), 0.91, 443
 adj1.77 (0.25 to 12.5), 0.56, 4262.07 (0.31 to 14.0), 0.46, 4272.50 (0.39 to 15.9), 0.33, 4261.07 (0.21 to 5.51), 0.93, 426
BMI 2–8 years
 unadj0.78 (0.20 to 3.00), 0.72, 4361.04 (0.29 to 3.65), 0.95, 4370.85 (0.25 to 2.86), 0.79, 4361.58 (0.54 to 4.62), 0.40, 438
 adj0.83 (0.21 to 3.21), 0.78, 4221.03 (0.28 to 3.80), 0.96, 4230.87 (0.25 to 2.99), 0.83, 4221.57 (0.53 to 4.70), 0.42, 421

  • *OR for executive dysfunction or poor motor function for 1 SD increase per year in growth variable between the two different time points (birth to 2 years, or 2–8 years).

  • †Either cerebral palsy or motor impairment on Movement ABC.

  • adj, adjusted; BMI, body mass index; unadj, unadjusted.