Trends in socioeconomic disparities in nutritional status of Israeli children aged 5–6 years with documented height and weight, by measurement year (2014–2018) (n=547 848)
| 2014 (n=96 405) | 2015 (n=101 575) | 2016 (n=115 157) | 2017 (n=117 937) | 2018 (n=116 774) | PTrend | |
| Total | ||||||
| Thinness ORSEP 1 vs SEP 10 | 3.06 (1.97 to 4.76) | 3.27 (2.05 to 5.20) | 3.62 (2.38 to 5.49) | 3.43 (2.27 to 5.21) | 2.89 (1.85 to 4.50) | 0.004 |
| Normal weight OR | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Overweight ORSEP 1 vs SEP 10 | 0.84 (0.63 to 1.12) | 0.79 (0.60 to 1.04) | 0.99 (0.78 to 1.25) | 0.78 (0.60 to 1.01) | 0.69 (0.53 to 0.89) | <0.001 |
| Obesity OR*SEP 5 vs SEP 10 | 1.66 (1.22 to 2.27) | 1.74 (1.27 to 2.38) | 1.62 (1.21 to 2.16) | 1.53 (1.13 to 2.07) | 1.84 (1.34 to 2.54) | <0.001 |
| Girls | ||||||
| Thinness ORSEP 1 vs SEP 10 | 2.67 (1.38 to 5.14) | 1.94 (1.08 to 3.48) | 2.80 (1.58 to 4.95) | 4.34 (2.24 to 8.40) | 5.02 (2.23 to 11.30) | 0.02 |
| Normal Weight OR | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Overweight ORSEP 1 vs SEP 10 | 0.63 (0.42 to 0.94) | 0.80 (0.54 to 1.19) | 0.74 (0.53 to 1.05) | 0.77 (0.52 to 1.16) | 0.74 (0.51 to 1.07) | 0.01 |
| Obesity ORSEP 5 vs SEP 10 | 1.50 (0.97 to 2.34) | 2.00 (1.21 to 3.31) | 1.51 (0.98 to 2.33) | 1.54 (0.98 to 2.42) | 1.91 (1.20 to 3.04) | <0.001 |
| Boys | ||||||
| Thinness ORSEP 1 vs SEP 10 | 3.44 (1.90 to 6.23) | 6.10 (2.78 to 13.41) | 4.62 (2.51 to 8.52) | 2.86 (1.67 to 4.90) | 2.03 (1.19 to 3.48) | <0.001 |
| Normal weight OR | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Overweight ORSEP 1 vs SEP 10 | 1.11 (0.74 to 1.67) | 0.80 (0.55 to 1.16) | 1.27 (0.91 to 1.77) | 0.78 (0.55 to 1.10) | 0.65 (0.45 to 0.93) | 0.01 |
| Obesity ORSEP 5 vs SEP 10 | 1.82 (1.19 to 2.80) | 1.58 (1.05 to 2.36) | 1.71 (1.16 to 2.52) | 1.51 (1.00 to 2.27) | 1.78 (1.14 to 2.77) | 0.01 |
Multinomial regression models used to assess the association between SEP and nutritional status, adjusted for sex. Multinomial model compared odds of thinness, overweight and obesity to normal weight.
Ptrend based on multinomial model with an interaction between SEP and time.
Values in bold indicate statistical significance (p<0.01)
*In obesity, instead of a monotonic trend, we found a reverse U-shaped association. To assess SEP disparities in this category, we compared the lower-middle SEP to the highest (5 vs 10), as SEP 5 consistently had the highest prevalence of obesity.
SEP, socioeconomic position.