N, total | 5 (9%) | 11 (19%) | 42 (72%) | 58 (100%) |
N, definite | 4 | 7 | 36 | 47 |
N, probable | 1 | 4 | 6 | 11 |
Home birth | 2 (40) | 0 (0) | 11 (26) | 13 (22) |
Gestational age |
Full term (≥37 weeks) | 5 (100) | 11 (100) | 38 (90) | 54 (93) |
Premature (<37 weeks) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (7) | 3 (5) |
Unknown | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) |
Birth weight |
Normal (≥2500 g) | 5 (100) | 9 (82) | 25 (60) | 39 (67) |
Low (<2500 g) | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | 4 (10) | 5 (9) |
Unknown | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | 13 (31) | 14 (24) |
Vitamin K prophylaxis given | 2 (40) | 5 (45) | 18 (43) | 25 (43) |
Intramuscular | 1 (20) | 1 (9) | 12 (29) | 14 (24) |
Oral | 1 (20) | 2 (18) | 4 (10) | 7 (12) |
Intravenous | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
Combination | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | 2 (5) | 3 (5) |
No vitamin K prophylaxis | 3 (60) | 6 (55) | 24 (57) | 33 (57) |
Parental refusal | 3 (60) | 5 (45) | 20 (48) | 28 (48) |
Not offered/error | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | 4 (10) | 5 (9) |
Feeding |
Exclusively breast fed | 4 (80) | 10 (91) | 39 (93) | 53 (91) |
Predominately breast fed | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 2 (3) |
Predominately formula fed | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | 1 (2) | 2 (3) |
Unknown | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) |
Site of bleeding |
Skin bruising | 1 (20) | 3 (27) | 22 (52) | 26 (45) |
Umbilical | 2 (40) | 1 (9) | 3 (7) | 6 (10) |
Gastrointestinal | 2 (40) | 7 (64) | 11 (26) | 20 (34) |
Intracranial | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 16 (38) | 17 (29) |
Nasal | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 4 (10) | 5 (9) |
Heel prick ooze | 0 (0) | 2 (18) | 1 (2) | 3 (5) |
Circumcision site | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (7) | 3 (5) |
Jaundice in first week of life | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 17 (40) | 17 (29) |
Liver disease confirmed | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 18 (43) | 18 (31) |
Age of onset of VKDB, mean | <1 day | 2.4 days | 50.9 days | 37.1 days |
Outcome at discharge |
No ongoing morbidity | 4 (80) | 10 (91) | 20 (48) | 34 (59) |
Ongoing morbidity | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | 14 (33) | 15 (26) |
Died | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 (14) | 6 (10) |
Unknown | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 3 (5) |