Table 2

Nine developmental domains up to 3 years of age from the World Bank’s Inventory 16

DomainsDefinition
1CognitiveThe test assesses cognitive development, including general intellectual ability, problem-solving, conceptual development, reasoning, visual-spatial ability, memory, learning, etc.
2LanguageThe test assesses language development/ability, including receptive and/or expressive language.
3MotorThe test assesses motor development/ability including fine and/or gross motor.
4Socioemotional/
temperament
The test assesses socioemotional development or temperament, which are overlapping constructs, especially in the early years. Socioemotional development includes behaviour problems, social competency, emotional competency and self-regulation. Temperament includes extraversion/surgency (positive affect, activity level, impulsivity, risk-taking), negative affectivity (fear, anger, sadness, discomfort) and effortful control (attention shifting and focusing, perceptual sensitivity, inhibitory and activational control).
5Attention/executive functionThe test assesses executive function, including attention, working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, planning, etc.
6Personal-social/adaptiveThe test assesses personal-social or adaptive skills or self-help skills, such as feeding, dressing, toilet training, recognising and interacting with others.
7Academic/
preacademic
The test assesses academic or preacademic skills, such as literacy and math/numeracy.
8Approaches to learningThe test assesses approaches to learning.
9Disability screenerThe test was designed to screen children for disability or severe developmental delay.