Patient characteristics (each patient episode)
| Cases (n=297) n (%) | Controls (n=311) n (%) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Male | 130 (43.8%) | 167 (53.7) | 0.018* |
| Female | 167 (56.3) | 144 (46.3) | |
| Age | |||
| 0 to <6 months | 70 (23.6) | 66 (21.2) | 0.910† |
| 6 months to <1 year | 41 (13.8) | 47 (15.1) | |
| 1 year to <4 years | 87 (29.3) | 94 (30.2) | |
| 4 years to <10 years | 49 (16.5) | 55 (17.7) | |
| 10 years to <19 years | 50 (16.8) | 49 (15.8) | |
| Gestation below 37 weeks | 60 (20.1) | 48 (15.4) | 0.152* |
| Weight, median, (IQR) | 10.4 kg (1.71–87.00) | 11.1 kg (2.10–94.20) | 0.668† |
| Previous same hospital admission | |||
| 0 | 150 (50.5) | 145 (46.6) | 0.946† |
| 1–5 | 66 (22.2) | 92 (29.6) | |
| 6–10 | 29 (9.8) | 27 (8.7) | |
| 11–20 | 20 (6.7) | 26 (8.4) | |
| 21–50 | 25 (8.4) | 16 (5.2) | |
| >50 | 7 (2.4) | 5 (1.6) | |
| Previous PICU admission (before this admission) | |||
| 0 | 247 (83.1) | 276 (88.7) | 0.061† |
| 1 | 32 (10.8) | 20 (6.4) | |
| 2 | 15 (5.1) | 4 (1.3) | |
| 3–5 | 1 (0.3) | 5 (1.6) | |
| >5 | 2 (0.7) | 6 (1.9) | |
| Previous PICU admission (this episode) | |||
| 0 | 185 (62.3) | 238 (76.5) | <0.01† |
| 1 | 75 (25.2) | 55 (17.7) | |
| 2 | 17 (5.7) | 14 (4.5) | |
| 3–5 | 14 (4.7) | 4 (1.3) | |
| >5 | 6 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Admitting specialty | |||
| Medical | 186 (62.6) | 205 (65.9) | 0.19* |
| Surgical | 57 (19.2) | 66 (21.2) | |
| Intensive care | 54 (18.2) | 40 (12.9) | |
| Type of admission | |||
| Elective | 105 (35.4) | 189 (60.8) | <0.001* |
| Emergency | 192 (64.6) | 122 (39.2) | |
| Specialty at event | |||
| Medical | 228 (76.8) | 237 (76.2) | 1.0* |
| Surgical | 69 (23.2) | 74 (23.8) | |
| Critical deterioration event | |||
| PICU transfer | 186 (62.6) | 0 | N/A |
| Respiratory arrest | 84 (28.3) | 0 | |
| Cardiac arrests | 27 (9.1) | 0 | |
| Death on ward | 0 (0) | 0 | |
| Reason for event | |||
| Respiratory | 176 (59.3) | 0 | N/A |
| Cardiovascular | 67 (22.6) | 0 | |
| Neurological | 38 (12.8) | 0 | |
| Other | 16 (5.4) | 0 | |
| Length of stay in days, median (IQR) | 57.1 (21.0–122.0) | 35.9 (12.8–89.4) | 0.001† |
| Length of hospital stay | |||
| <1 day | 2 (0.7) | 6 (1.9) | 0.021* |
| <7 days | 22 (7.4) | 39 (12.5) | |
| <30 days | 74 (24.9) | 91 (29.3) | |
| ≥30 days | 199 (670) | 175 (56.3) | |
| Outcome | |||
| Alive at 24 hours | 279 (93.9) | 311 (100%) | <0.001* |
| Alive at 30 days | 246 (82.8) | 308 (99.0) | <0.001* |
| Alive at discharge | 220 (74.1) | 301 (96.8) | <0.001* |
*χ2.
†Mann–Whitney U test.
PICU, paediatric intensive care unit.