General/systemic | Gastrointestinal |
Fever (90%) | Loss of appetite (73%) |
Headache (59%) | Abdominal pain (47%) |
Myalgia (38%) | Vomiting (62%) |
Arthralgia (35%) | Diarrhoea (60%) |
Fatigue/weakness (79%) | Jaundice (11%) |
Difficulty swallowing (20%) | |
Sore throat (16%) | Respiratory |
Hiccups (7%) Rash (6%) | Difficulty breathing/tachypnoea (20%) |
Cough (31%) | |
Chest pain (29%) | |
Haemorrhagic | |
Unexplained bleeding (10%) | Neurological |
Epistaxis (1.3%) | Confusion (10%) |
Bleeding from gums (2.1%) | Unresponsive/obtunded (5%) |
Bleeding from eyes | Seizures (later stages) |
Haematemesis (1.4–1.9%) | |
Melaena/haemorrhagic diarrhoea (3.2%) | Ocular |
Vaginal bleeding (0.7%) | Conjunctivitis (22%) |
Haematuria (0.5%) | Eye pain (6%) |
Bleeding from injection site (0.5%) | |
Common haematological/biochemical parameters | |
Leucopenia | |
Thrombocytopenia | |
Transaminitis | |
Coagulopathy—prolonged PT, APTT and reduced fibrinogen |
Percentage figures are symptom incidence specifically for children presenting during the current Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa.2
APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; PT, prothrombin time.