Average cumulative per cent 13C-dose in the exhaled 2-h CO2 of underweight children, before and after nutritional rehabilitation
| Subjects (n) | Prenutritional rehabilitation | Degree of underweight malnutrition relative to the expected normal weight for age (%)†= | Time interval between study I and II (weeks) | Postnutritional rehabilitation | Change after nutritional rehabilitation (B–A; %) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labelled CO2 output over the 2 h study period (mmol/h) | Average per cent 13CO2 exhaled (study I) | Cumulative per cent 13C-dose (caffeine) recovered* in the 2 h CO2 exhaled (%; A) | Labelled CO2 output over the 2 h study period (mmol/h) | Average per cent 13CO2 exhaled (study II) | Cumulative per cent 13C-dose (caffeine) recovered* in the 2 h CO2 exhaled (%; B) | ||||
| 1 | 251.44 | 0.04230 | 10.64 | 79.3 | 2 | 232.82 | 0.05708 | 13.29 | 2.65 (24.9) |
| 2 | 283.53 | 0.01391 | 3.94 | 66.3 | 2 | 251.34 | 0.02519 | 6.33 | 2.39 (60.7) |
| 3 | 254.84 | 0.04083 | 10.41 | 76.5 | 3 | 234.51 | 0.05352 | 12.55 | 2.14 (20.6) |
| 4 | 234.57 | 0.03194 | 7.49 | 77.8 | 3 | 224.37 | 0.05611 | 11.34 | 3.85 (51.4) |
| 5 | 263.35 | 0.04455 | 11.73 | 66.7 | 3 | 233.85 | 0.05029 | 11.76 | 0.03 (0.3) |
| 6 | 244.56 | 0.00332 | 0.81 | 68.4 | 3 | 217.67 | 0.00910 | 1.98 | 1.17 (14.4) |
| 7 | 248.78 | 0.00557 | 1.39 | 65.0 | 3 | 217.29 | 0.00893 | 1.94 | 0.55 (39.6) |
| 8 | 196.46 | 0.03276 | 6.44 | 75.6 | 2 | 185.02 | 0.02886 | 5.34 | −1.10 (−17.1) |
| 9 | 214.02 | 0.01971 | 4.22 | 62.7 | 4 | 184.58 | 0.02714 | 5.01 | 0.79 (18.7) |
| 10 | 170.55 | 0.05025 | 8.57 | 67.7 | 6 | 153.92 | 0.03742 | 5.76 | −2.81 (−32.9) |
| 11 | 157.12 | 0.10210 | 16.04 | 76.9 | 2 | 150.75 | 0.05645 | 8.51 | −7.53 (−46.9) |
| 12 | 158.98 | 0.05382 | 8.56 | 76.9 | 4 | 149.35 | 0.06501 | 9.71 | 1.15 (13.4) |
| 13 | 165.26 | 0.05325 | 8.80 | 63.9 | 6 | 142.11 | 0.05397 | 7.67 | −1.13 (−12.8) |
| 14 | 152.37 | 0.03678 | 5.60 | 68.8 | 6 | 137.90 | 0.04880 | 6.73 | 1.13 (20.2) |
| 15 | 159.86 | 0.05460 | 8.73 | 60.8 | 6 | 139.10 | 0.07268 | 10.11 | 1.38 (15.8) |
| Mean+SD | 7.56±4.01* | 70.2±6.3 | 3.7±1.6 | 7.95±3.68* | |||||
*p<0.005; Student's t test.
†Expected normal weight is the estimated weight (w) for age using the methods in Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics: (age in months+9)/2 for children aged 3–12 months; ((age in years×2)+8) for children aged 1–6 years and ((age in years ×7.5)/2) for children aged 7–12 years.23