Baseline maternal and infant socio-economic, demographic, nutritional, biochemical and anthropometric factors
| Maternal factors | Values |
|---|---|
| Demographic factors | |
| Wealth index* | 66.3 (0.09) |
| Maternal age (years)* (n=1046) | 26.7 (4.9) |
| Educational level† | |
| Primary school | 159/1046 (15.2) |
| Secondary school | 705/1046 (67.4) |
| University/college | 182/1046 (17.4) |
| Occupation† | |
| Farmer/housewife | 560/1046 (53.5) |
| Factory worker/trader | 350/1046 (33.5) |
| Government official/clerk | 136/1046 (13.0) |
| Anthropometric factors | |
| Height (cm)* (n=1045) | 153.6 (4.7) |
| Body mass index enrolment (kg/m2)* | 19.9 (2.0) |
| Body mass index group enrolment† | |
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 271/1045 (25.9) |
| Normal (18.5–25 kg/m2) | 759/1045 (72.6) |
| Overweight (>25 kg/m2) | 15/1045 (1.4) |
| Mid upper arm circumference enrolment (cm)* (n=1045) | 23.8 (2.1) |
| Weight gain during pregnancy (kg)* (n=958) | 8.19 (2.6) |
| Antenatal factors | |
| Gravidity† | |
| Primigravida | 326/1046 (31.2) |
| Multigravida | 720/1046 (68.8) |
| Type of supplement taken during pregnancy† | |
| Daily IFA supplements | 350/1046 (33.5) |
| Twice weekly IFA supplements | 363/1046 (34.7) |
| MMN supplements | 333/1046 (31.8) |
| Change of diet when pregnant† | |
| No | 259/1046 (24.8) |
| Yes | 787/1046 (75.2) |
| Meat intake during pregnancy at enrolment (number of times per week)* (n=1046) | 3.85 (2.26) |
| Persistent depression EPDS† | |
| No | 909/1046 (94.9) |
| Yes | 49/1046 (5.1) |
| Biochemical factors | |
| Haemoglobin enrolment (g/dL)* (n=1046) | 12.3 (1.2) |
| Haemoglobin 32 weeks (g/dL)* (n=948) | 12.4 (1.2) |
| Ferritin enrolment (μg/L)‡ (n=1042) | 77 (50 to 127) |
| Ferritin 32 weeks (μg/L)‡ (n=945) | 28 (17 to 42) |
| Iodine (μg/L)‡ (n=954) | 53 (30.6 to 87.3) |
| B12 enrolment‡ (pmol/L) (n=1043) | 394 (317 to 499) |
| B12 at 32 weeks‡ (pmol/L) (n=945) | 232 (187 to 285) |
| Folate enrolment‡ (nmol/L) (n=1041) | 28 (21.6 to 34.4) |
| Folate at 32 weeks‡ (nmol/L) (n=944) | 28.7 (22.4 to 33.5) |
| 25-(OH) vitamin D* (nmol/L) (n=891) | 70.6 (22.2) |
*Values are mean (SD).
†Values are number (%).
‡Values are median (25th–75th percentile).
IFA, iron-folic acid; MMN, multiple micronutrient; EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.