Associations between typical daily screen exposure time at 5 years and change in psychosocial adjustment from 5 years to 7 years, adjusting for gender, age and prior adjustment score
| Imputed dataset, n=10 500 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conduct problems | Hyperactivity/inattention | Emotional symptoms | Peer relationship problems | Prosocial behaviour | ||||||
| Coeff. (95% CI) | p | Coeff. (95% CI) | p | Coeff. (95% CI) | p | Coeff. (95% CI) | p | Coeff. (95% CI) | p | |
| Model A) TV/video/DVDs only | ||||||||||
| TV/video/DVDs | ||||||||||
| None | 0.11 (−0.09 to 0.32) | 0.272 | −0.17 (−0.57 to 0.23) | 0.401 | −0.06 (−0.30 to 0.19) | 0.640 | −0.06 (−0.25 to 0.14) | 0.558 | 0.07 (−0.17 to 0.30) | 0.569 |
| <1 h | Reference group | Reference group | Reference group | Reference group | Reference group | |||||
| 1 to <3 h | 0.20 (0.12 to 0.28) | <0.001 | 0.05 (−0.06 to 0.17) | 0.354 | 0.07 (−0.01 to 0.15) | 0.075 | 0.06 (−0.01 to 0.12) | 0.094 | 0.05 (−0.03 to 0.12) | 0.201 |
| 3+ h | 0.50 (0.38 to 0.61) | <0.001 | 0.22 (0.07 to 0.36) | 0.004 | 0.18 (0.05 to 0.31) | 0.005 | 0.24 (0.13 to 0.34) | <0.001 | −0.11 (−0.22 to −0.01) | 0.030 |
| Model B) Electronic games only | ||||||||||
| Electronic games | ||||||||||
| None | 0.16 (0.09 to 0.24) | <0.001 | 0.10 (0.00 to 0.21) | 0.050 | 0.11 (0.03 to 0.19) | 0.008 | 0.00 (−0.06 to 0.07) | 0.919 | −0.08 (−0.16 to −0.01) | 0.022 |
| <1 h | Reference group | Reference group | Reference group | Reference group | Reference group | |||||
| 1 to <3 h | 0.26 (0.16 to 0.36) | <0.001 | 0.03 (−0.07 to 0.14) | 0.525 | 0.12 (0.03 to 0.21) | 0.009 | 0.02 (−0.06 to 0.10) | 0.595 | −0.04 (−0.11 to 0.04) | 0.378 |
| 3+ h | 0.52 (0.27 to 0.77) | <0.001 | 0.32 (0.02 to 0.62) | 0.036 | 0.38 (0.07 to 0.69) | 0.017 | 0.28 (0.06 to 0.50) | 0.012 | −0.19 (−0.43 to 0.06) | 0.134 |
| Model C) Combined screen time (TV/video/DVDs and electronic games) | ||||||||||
| Neither | −0.09 (−0.38 to 0.20) | 0.544 | −0.29 (−0.93 to 0.36) | 0.382 | −0.07 (−0.38 to 0.25) | 0.680 | 0.11 (−0.19 to 0.41) | 0.481 | 0.07 (−0.25 to 0.40) | 0.662 |
| Both <1 h, one or both >zero | Reference group | Reference group | Reference group | Reference group | Reference group | |||||
| Both <3 h, one or both >1 h | 0.20 (0.12 to 0.28) | <0.001 | 0.07 (−0.06 to 0.19) | 0.284 | 0.08 (0.00 to 0.16) | 0.048 | 0.06 (0.00 to 0.13) | 0.060 | 0.05 (−0.02 to 0.13) | 0.143 |
| Either/both for 3+ h | 0.51 (0.40 to 0.61) | <0.001 | 0.21 (0.06 to 0.36) | 0.006 | 0.22 (0.09 to 0.35) | 0.001 | 0.25 (0.15 to 0.35) | <0.001 | −0.10 (−0.20 to 0.00) | 0.047 |
Note: Each model was adjusted for the relevant Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) score at age 5 years, gender and age in months at the age 7 years interview.