Relationship of maternal and child characteristics to alcohol consumption during the first trimester of pregnancy
| None, n=5547 % | <1 glass a week, n=4776 % | ≥1 glass a week, n=1963 % | χ2 (2 df) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prenatal factors | |||||
| Maternal age (≥35 years) | 8 | 11 | 15 | 67.20 | <0.001 |
| Any smoking | 22 | 24 | 37 | 175.37 | <0.001 |
| Cannabis use | 2 | 3 | 5 | 85.05 | <0.001 |
| Illicit drug use | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1 | 17.56 | <0.001 |
| Parity (≥1) | 53 | 59 | 55 | 35.24 | <0.001 |
| Highest maternal education (degree) | 10 | 14 | 14 | 38.66 | <0.001 |
| Own home | 73 | 77 | 72 | 24.95 | <0.001 |
| Currently married | 78 | 79 | 70 | 73.29 | <0.001 |
| Current maternal depression | 14 | 12 | 16 | 13.77 | 0.001 |
| Child factors | |||||
| Gestational age (≤36 weeks) | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5.36 | 0.069 |
| Gender (male) | 51 | 51 | 53 | 1.89 | 0.388 |
| Birth weight (kg)* | 3.42 (0.56) | 3.43 (0.53) | 3.41 (0.55) | – | 0.315† |
*Mean (SD).
†One-way ANOVA, F=1.16.