Comparison of healthcare worker density and maternal and child health indicators from sub-Saharan African countries that do not meet the WHO critical threshold of 23 doctors, nurses and midwives per 10 000 population
| Country | Healthcare workers/10 000 population* | Maternal mortality ratio (no. deaths/100 000 live births)† | Under 5 mortality ratio (no. deaths/1000 live births)‡ | Infant mortality ratio (no. deaths/ 1000 live births)‡ | % HIV positive pregnant women who received ARVs for PMTCT¶ | % Children <5 years of age who are stunted** | Child deaths/100 000 attributable to sanitation and hygiene** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burundi | 2.2 | 970 | 142 | 88 | 12 | 63 | 1088 |
| Somalia | 2.3 | 1200 | 180 | 108 | 0 | 42.1 | 885 |
| Ethiopia | 2.5 | 470 | 106 | 68 | 13 | 50.7 | 705 |
| Niger | 2.5 | 820 | 143 | 73 | 25–74 | 54.8 | 1229 |
| Chad | 3.2 | 1200 | 173 | 99 | 6 | 44.8 | 618 |
| Liberia | 3.3 | 990 | 103 | 74 | 16 | 39.4 | 885 |
| Mozambique | 3.6 | 550 | 135 | 92 | 70 | 47 | 388 |
| Senegal | 3.8 | 410 | 75 | 50 | 16–45 | 20.1 | 530 |
| Sierra Leone | 3.9 | 970 | 174 | 114 | 19 | 37.4 | 1473 |
| Tanzania | 3.9 | 790 | 76 | 50 | 70 | 44.4 | 322 |
| Togo | 4.7 | 350 | 103 | 66 | 26 | 26.9 | 419 |
| Rwanda | 4.8 | 540 | 91 | 59 | 65 | 51.7 | 970 |
| Central African Republic | 5.1 | 850 | 159 | 106 | 34 | 44.6 | 511 |
| Djibouti | 5.9 | 300 | 91 | 73 | 10 | 32.6 | 454 |
| Burkino Faso | 6 | 560 | 176 | 93 | 32 | 35.1 | 786 |
| Mali | 6.1 | 830 | 178 | 99 | 26–82 | 38.5 | 880 |
| Malawi | 6.1 | 510 | 92 | 58 | 58 | 53.2 | 617 |
| Madagascar | 6.1 | 440 | 62 | 43 | 1–5 | 49.2 | 540 |
| Eritrea | 6.3 | 280 | 61 | 42 | 34 | 43.7 | 379 |
| Congo, Democratic Republic | 6.4 | 670 | 170 | 112 | 4–11 | 45.8 | 786 |
| Guinea | 6.7 | 680 | 130 | 81 | 17 | 40 | 480 |
| Lesotho | 6.7 | 530 | 85 | 65 | 64 | 45.2 | 44 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 7.2 | 470 | 123 | 86 | 54 | 39 | 561 |
| Mauritania | 7.5 | 550 | 111 | 75 | 12–37 | 23 | 390 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 8.1 | 1000 | 150 | 92 | 24 | 28.1 | 873 |
| Uganda | 8.1 | 430 | 99 | 63 | 53 | 38.7 | 427 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 8.3 | 280 | 121 | 81 | 26 | 35 | 506 |
| Zimbabwe | 8.8 | 790 | 80 | 51 | 56 | 35.8 | 256 |
| Comoros | 8.9 | 340 | 86 | 63 | 10–33 | 46.9 | 177 |
| Benin | 9.2 | 410 | 115 | 73 | 46 | 44.7 | 518 |
| Ghana | 10.7 | 350 | 74 | 50 | 27 | 28.6 | 226 |
| Congo | 11.6 | 580 | 93 | 61 | 12 | 31.2 | 220 |
| Angola | 12.7 | 610 | 161 | 98 | 19 | 29.2 | 1266 |
| Kenya | 12.8 | 530 | 85 | 55 | 73 | 35.2 | 362 |
| Gambia | 14.3 | 400 | 98 | 57 | 43 to >95 | 27.6 | 286 |
| Cameroon | 17.9 | 600 | 136 | 84 | 27 | 36.4 | 497 |
| Nigeria | 19.8 | 840 | 143 | 88 | 22 | 41 | 560 |
| Zambia | 22.3 | 470 | 111 | 69 | 69 | 45.8 | 503 |
*The World Health Report 2006. Working Together for Health. http://www.who.int/whr/2006/whr06_en.pdf (accessed 5 Jun 2012).
†WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank. Trends in Maternal Mortality 1990–2008. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241500265_eng.pdf (accessed 25 Nov 2011).
‡UN Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. Levels and Trends in Child Mortality. 2011. http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/20110915_unicef_childmortality/en/index.html (accessed 25 Nov 2011).
¶UNAIDS. Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2010. http://www.unaids.org/globalreport/documents/20101123_GlobalReport_full_en.pdf (accessed 27 Nov 2011).
**WHO Global Heath Observatory Data Repository. http://apps.who.int/ghodata/?vid=93000 (accessed 6 Dec 2011).
ARVs, antiretrovirals; PMTCT, prevention of mother to child transmission.