Diagnostic categories and subdivision into major subgroups according to ventilatory interface
| Interface for support | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cause of ventilation | Major subgroups | Tracheostomy | Mask | Other |
| Central nervous system (n=168) | Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome | 30 | 25 | 1* |
| Spinal injury | 21 | 1 | 2† | |
| Birth injury/cerebral palsy | 2 | 6 | ||
| Acquired central hypoventilation syndrome | 8 | 12 | ||
| Other central causes | 25 | 35 | ||
| Musculoskeletal (n=402) | Duchenne muscular dystrophy | 1 | 88 | 1‡ |
| Congenital myopathy | 23 | 34 | ||
| Other myopathy | 3 | 5 | ||
| Other dystrophy | 7 | 51 | ||
| Kyphoscoliosis | 2 | 9 | ||
| Spinal muscular atrophy type 1 | 5 | 7 | ||
| Spinal muscular atrophy II/III | 5 | 62 | ||
| Mucopolysaccharidosis | 1 | 2 | ||
| Other musculoskeletal | 17 | 79 | ||
| Respiratory (n=343) | Chronic lung disease | 9 | 9 | |
| Chronic lung disease (prematurity) | 9 | 5 | ||
| Airway malacia | 26 | 13 | ||
| Prader Willi/obesity syndromes | – | 58 | ||
| Upper airway obstruction | 6 | 153 | ||
| Cystic fibrosis/primary ciliary dyskinesia | – | 5 | ||
| Other respiratory | 12 | 37 | 1§ | |
| Unclassified (n=20) | ||||