Differences in mean Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scores between moderately preterm and term-born children by gender
| Boys | Girls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CBCL problems scale | Preterm (n=524) | Term (n=267) | Difference (95% CI) | p Value* | Preterm (n=392) | Term (n=276) | Difference (95% CI) | p Value* |
| Total problems | 30.99 | 28.52 | 2.47 (−0.36 to 5.30) | 0.08 | 29.60 | 24.26 | 5.34 (2.59 to 8.09) | <0.001 |
| Externalising problems | 13.09 | 12.57 | 0.53 (−0.69 to 1.74) | 0.39 | 11.56 | 9.54 | 2.03 (0.92 to 3.13) | <0.001 |
| Internalising problems | 7.64 | 6.95 | 0.69 (−0.24 to 1.61) | 0.14 | 8.32 | 6.26 | 2.05 (1.08 to 3.03) | <0.001 |
| Emotionally reactive | 2.77 | 2.54 | 0.23 (−0.15 to 0.62) | 0.22 | 2.71 | 2.14 | 0.58 (0.21 to 0.94) | <0.01 |
| Anxious/depressed | 1.65 | 1.48 | 0.17 (−0.09 to 0.43) | 0.22 | 1.95 | 1.38 | 0.57 (0.26 to 0.88) | <0.001 |
| Somatic complaints | 1.93 | 1.75 | 0.18 (−0.13 to 0.49) | 0.25 | 2.21 | 1.79 | 0.42 (0.10 to 0.75) | <0.05 |
| Withdrawn | 1.29 | 1.18 | 0.11 (−0.11 to 0.33) | 0.35 | 1.44 | 0.96 | 0.48 (0.27 to 0.69) | <0.001 |
| Sleep problems | 2.01 | 1.55 | 0.46 (0.13 to 0.79) | <0.01 | 2.07 | 1.69 | 0.38 (0.03 to 0.73) | <0.05 |
| Attention problems | 2.56 | 2.05 | 0.51 (0.21 to 0.81) | <0.01 | 2.19 | 1.58 | 0.61 (0.33 to 0.89) | <0.001 |
| Aggressive behaviour | 10.53 | 10.52 | 0.02 (−0.99 to 1.02) | 0.98 | 9.38 | 7.96 | 1.42 (0.51 to 2.32) | <0.01 |
↵* p Values calculated by t tests; non-parametric testing provided p values of the same significance for all differences except for aggressive behaviour (p=0.016) and externalising behaviour (p=0.002) in girls, and attention problems (p=0.001) in boys.