Investigations to be considered for chest pain
| Cardiac | ECG |
| Chest radiograph | |
| Echocardiogram | |
| Exercise tolerance test | |
| 24 h ECG monitoring | |
| Serum fasting lipids | |
| Cardiac enzymes, troponins | |
| Respiratory | Chest radiograph |
| Spirometric lung function testing | |
| Exercise testing and bronchodilator responsiveness | |
| Very occasionally — CT chest scan | |
| Gastrointestinal | 24 h pH probe |
| Isotope milk scan | |
| Impedance studies | |
| Barium swallow | |
| Endoscopy | |
| Oesophageal manometry | |
| Musculoskeletal | None |
| Psychological | None |
It must be stressed that as most causes of chest pain can be determined from a careful history and examination, few if any of the investigations in this comprehensive list need to be undertaken in practice.