Change in body composition, insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism with change in BMI SDS
| Change in BMI SDS over 12 months | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (i) Increased (n=20) | (ii) Decreased >0 to <0.25 (n=29) | (iii) Decreased ≥0.25 to <0.5 (n=20) | (iv) Decreased ≥0.5 (n=19) | Group comparison | Group comparison after baseline adjustment | Test of linear trend after baseline adjustment | |
| Waist circumference SDS | |||||||
| Initial mean (SD) | 4.02 (0.79)‡ | 3.87 (0.37) | 3.69 (0.51) | 3.76 (0.81) | p=0.5* | − | − |
| Final mean (SD) | 4.14 (0.81)‡‡ | 3.85 (0.50)‡ | 3.50 (0.63)‡ | 2.83 (0.74)‡‡ | p<0.001** | p<0.001** | p<0.001** |
| Mean change (95% CI) | 0.19 (0.11 to 0.28)‡‡ | −0.03 (−0.12 to 0.07)‡ | −0.22 (−0.34 to −0.09)‡ | −0.74 (−0.95 to −0.53)‡‡ | − | − | − |
| Body fat SDS | |||||||
| Initial mean (SD) | 2.87 (0.87)‡ | 2.82 (0.52) | 2.77 (0.48) | 2.69 (0.61) | p=0.8* | − | − |
| Final mean (SD) | 2.89 (0.76)‡‡ | 2.80 (0.54) | 2.42 (0.53) | 2.08 (0.61) | p<0.001** | p<0.001** | p<0.001** |
| Mean change (95% CI) | 0.12 (−0.05 to 0.28‡‡‡ | −0.03 (−0.08 to 0.03) | −0.34 (−0.44 to −0.25) | −0.60 (−0.73 to −0.47) | − | − | − |
| % Truncal fat | |||||||
| Initial mean (SD)) | 37.47 (10.45)‡ | 38.02 (6.08) | 36.01 (6.52) | 35.74 (8.05) | p=0.6* | − | − |
| Final mean (SD) | 37.71 (8.06)‡‡ | 38.11 (5.92)‡ | 32.11 (6.48) | 29.53 (7.76) | p<0.001** | p<0.001** | p<0.001** |
| Mean change (95% CI) | 0.09 (−2.73 to 2.92)‡‡‡ | −0.18 (−1.23 to 0.88) ‡ | −3.90 (−5.83 to −1.97) | −6.21 (−8.13 to −4.29) | − | − | − |
| HOMA-R | |||||||
| Initial geometric mean (range) | 4.37 (1.72–15.13) | 4.35 (1.74–13.50) | 4.68 (1.71–15.24) | 2.75 (0.78–11.76) | p=0.03* | − | − |
| Final geometric mean (range) | 5.09 (2.40–13.94) | 4.11 (1.02–18.13) | 3.46 (0.84–10.67) | 1.82 (0.89–6.06) | p<0.001** | p<0.001** | p<0.001** |
| Geometric mean ratio (95% CI) | 1.16 (1.00 to 1.36) | 0.94 (0.76 to 1.17) | 0.74 (0.59 to 0.93) | 0.66 (0.49 to 0.90) | − | − | − |
| Glucose AUC | |||||||
| Initial mean (SD)) | 13.08 (2.48) | 13.58 (2.30)‡ | 13.54 (2.08) | 13.00 (2.16) | p=0.8 | − | − |
| Final mean (SD) | 12.44 (2.38) | 12.36 (1.33) | 12.09 (1.67) | 11.07 (1.47)‡ | p=0.06 | p=0.06 | p=0.009 |
| Mean change (95% CI) | −0.64 (−1.64 to 0.36) | −1.19 (−2.05 to −0.33)‡ | −1.44 (−2.42 to −0.47) | −1.87 (−2.94 to −0.80)‡ | − | − | − |