Table 2

Univariate relationship between physical examination and HIV status for the study population

UnivariateMultivariate
n (%)OR (95% CI)p ValueOR (95% CI)p Value
Weight (N = normal*, U = underweight for age)N*195 (40)11
U292 (60)2.35 (1.23 to 4.51)0.0102.03 (1.03 to 3.99)0.040
FeverNo290 (60)1
Yes197 (40)1.75 (0.998 to 3.08)0.051
Severe muscle wastingNo345 (71)1
Yes142 (29)2.24 (1.27 to 3.97)0.006
Oedema of both feetNo469 (96)1
Yes18 (4)0.45 (0.59 to 3.47)0.445
Enlarged lymph glandsNo418 (86)11
Yes69 (14)2.34 (1.20 to 4.57)0.0132.29 (1.12 to 4.68)0.022
Oral candidiasis (oral thrush)No363 (75)11
Yes124 (25)3.96 (2.22 to 7.04)<0.00013.94 (2.17 to 7.14)<0.0001
Parotid swellingNo481 (99)1
Yes6 (1)4.04 (0.72 to 22.6)0.112
HepatomegalyNo448 (92)1
Yes39 (8)3.09 (1.41 to 6.75)0.005
SplenomegalyNo443 (91)1
Yes44 (9)1.56 (0.66 to 3.69)0.314
Skin infectionNo410 (84)1
Yes77 (16)1.78 (0.91 to 3.50)0.095
Swollen abdomen consistent with kwashiorkorNo456 (94)1
Yes31 (6)1.56 (0.57 to 4.24)0.383
Signs of consolidationNo292 (60)1
Yes195 (40)1.65 (0.94 to 2.89)0.083
Infected umbilicusNo479 (98)1
Yes8 (2)2.68 (0.53 to 13.51)0.235
Neurological dysfunctionNo467 (96)1
Yes20 (4)0.40 ( 0.053 to 3.07)0.380
  • * 29 (4%) of the cohort had missing weight data, this was not excluded but was included in the ‘normal’ weights for this analysis.