Table 3

SDQ disorders and DISC diagnoses on 92 cases and 92 controls

Cases n (%)Controls n (%)95% CI for ORp Value
SDQScale
Rated by parent*Emotional32 (41)7 (8)1.11 to 1.39<0.001
Conduct18 (23)7 (8)1.10 to 1.44<0.001
Hyperactivity17 (22)4 (5)1.05 to 1.290.003
Peer relationships16 (21)10 (12)1.00 to 1.290.048
Rated by studentEmotional13 (14)0 (0)1.11 to 1.39<0.001
Conduct12 (13)5 (5)1.10 to 1.42<0.001
Hyperactivity18 (20)8 (9)1.04 to 1.280.004
Peer relationships9 (10)0 (0)1.01 to 1.280.042
DISC interviewDiagnosis
Past yearAny disorder41 (45)16 (17)1.37 to 4.020.001
Emotional disorders29 (31)12 (13)1.13 to 3.550.015
Depressive disorders16 (17)3 (3)1.23 to 5.590.011
Anxiety disorders14 (15)9 (10)0.69 to 2.690.38
OCD13 (14)4 (4)0.99 to 4.320.06
PTSD5 (5)1 (1)0.65 to 6.890.22
Oppositional defiant disorder19 (21)3 (3)1.37 to 5.110.004
ADHD13 (14)3 (3)1.07 to 5.760.031
  • *Parent’s report of student’s health was available on 78 cases and 86 controls. ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; DISC, Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children; OCD, obsessive compulsive disorder; OR, odds ratio; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; SDQ, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (for SDQ, numbers and percentages are for abnormal scores, whereas confidence limits and p values refer to the odds ratio per unit increase across the whole scale from zero to 10).