Table 3 The mean utility values across the total sample for the 56 patients

Device attribute	Utility level	Raw data	Differences	Compared to bruising = 100
Bruising*	Almost none	1.57	3.38	100.0
	A little	0.25	2.06	61.0
	Significant	−1.81	0.00	0.0
Operated by	Button – automatic injection	1.65	3.30	97.8
	Pushing plunger (like a syringe)	−1.65	0.00	0.0
Pain felt*	Slight twinge	1.60	3.16	93.4
	Distinct pinch	−0.04	1.51	44.7
	Like blood test	−1.56	0.00	0.0
Weight	Like a pencil (10 g)	1.39	2.96	87.5
	Like half an apple (50 g)	0.42	1.99	58.7
	Like a standard apple (100 g)	−0.23	1.34	39.6
	Like a large apple (150 g)	−1.57	0.00	0.0
Sound made	None	1.12	2.78	82.3
	Soft (heard by user only)	1.03	2.69	79.7
	Distinct (heard within 2–3 m)	−0.48	1.19	35.2
	Loud (heard by all those in same room)	−1.67	0.00	0.0
Preparation	No mixing required	1.30	2.61	77.2
	Mixing required weekly-to-monthly	−1.30	0.00	0.0
Ease of holding*	Very easy for adults/older children	1.24	2.33	68.9
	Very easy for adults only	−0.15	0.94	27.9
	Fairly easy for adults only	−1.09	0.00	0.0
Telephone helpline	24 h a day	1.08	2.22	65.7
	from 9 am to 5.30 pm	0.06	1.21	35.8
	None	−1.14	0.00	0.0
Injection	Without a needle	0.87	2.11	62.4
	With 0.5 cm long needle	0.37	1.60	47.5
	With 1 cm long needle	−1.24	0.00	0.0
Size	9 cm×3 cm	1.03	2.04	60.4
	9 cm×6 cm	0.71	1.72	50.8
	15 cm×6 cm	−0.73	0.27	8.1
	15 cm×9 cm	−1.01	0.00	0.0
Nurse support at home	Available	0.79	1.58	46.8
	Not available	−0.79	0.00	0.0
Needle visibility	Hidden/not used	0.65	1.52	45.1
	A little visible	0.23	1.11	32.9
	Clearly visible	−0.88	0.00	0.0
Stored	In the fridge	0.22	0.44	13.1
	At room temperature	−0.22	0.00	0.0
Medicine	Delivered to home	0.10	0.20	5.9
	Available from local chemist	−0.10	0.00	0.0

Attributes listed include those which were used to generate total device values and hence the “Top 3” and those which were solely included for additional insight (*).