TAIQOL scores of ARM patients and CDH patients aged 1–4 years compared with reference scores
| Domain | Mean scores (SD) | Difference with ref. group† (95% CI‡) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARM (n = 41§) | CDH (n = 20) | ARM | CDH | |
| †Reference scores (n = 323) were obtained from the creators of the instrument at TNO Prevention and Health, Netherlands (unpublished data). After our investigation, the TAIQOL was replaced by the almost identical TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life (TAPQOL) questionnaire. Normative data of the TAPQOL, of which an English version is available, have been published.17 | ||||
| ‡95% confidence interval for the difference between the group means. | ||||
| §n = 39 for the domains only applicable to children from 18 months of age. | ||||
| *Significant at p < 0.05. | ||||
| **Significant at p < 0.01. | ||||
| ***Significant at p < 0.001. | ||||
| Lungs | 91.3 (21.0) | 86.8 (18.7) | −2.2 (−7.7 to 3.4) | −6.6 (−14.1 to 0.9) |
| Stomach | 65.4 (23.8) | 84.2 (22.6) | −26.5 (−31.6 to −21.5)*** | −7.8 (−14.4 to −1.1)* |
| Skin | 91.1 (11.2) | 94.2 (9.8) | −0.9 (−4.4 to 2.6) | 2.2 (−2.5 to 7.0) |
| Sleeping | 73.0 (22.5) | 81.6 (24.6) | −9.0 (−14.9 to −3.1)** | −0.5 (−8.6 to 7.6) |
| Appetite | 76.9 (16.7) | 87.7 (10.9) | −7.5 (−12.0 to −3.1)** | 3.3 (−2.7 to 9.3) |
| Eating problems | 83.1 (15.8) | 91.7 (11.8) | −13.0 (−16.0 to −10.0)*** | −4.5 (−8.2 to −0.7)* |
| Aggressive behaviour | 64.1 (18.2) | 66.8 (19.1) | −3.6 (−8.7 to 1.6) | −0.9 (−8.0 to 6.2) |
| Positive emotions | 93.5 (17.0) | 94.7 (13.7) | −5.2 (−7.9 to −2.4)*** | −3.9 (−7.2 to −0.6)* |
| Emotions of anxiety | 66.7 (21.1) | 76.7 (17.4) | −11.4 (−17.4 to −5.4)*** | −1.4 (−9.5 to 6.8) |
| Vitality | 88.2 (23.0) | 92.5 (19.1) | −9.8 (−13.3 to −6.2)*** | −5.5 (−9.6 to −1.3)** |
| For children from 18 months of age | ||||
| Social behaviour | 88.0 (19.8) | 87.5 (19.4) | −3.0 (−9.5 to 3.5) | −3.5 (−12.3 to 5.3) |
| Motor problems | 92.9 (12.5) | 88.4 (10.4) | −5.8 (−7.6 to −3.9)*** | −10.3 (−12.3 to −8.2)*** |
| Communication | 88.6 (14.5) | 89.8 (13.0) | −3.0 (−6.5 to 0.5) | −1.8 (−6.4 to 2.8) |