Case series prior to 1985 (and modernisation)
| Title and author | Population | Method of data collection | Conclusions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Illingworth et al. Injuries caused by playground equipment. 19751 | 200 Non-sequential attendances to Sheffield Children’s A&E. | Proforma completed. | Narrative study of the injury profile seen on playgrounds. Fractures accounted for 26.5% total injury; this included 5 skull fractures. 12 children had concussion |
| Injury graded. | |||
| Rivers R et al. Falls from equipment as a cause of playground injury. 1978.17 | Trauma admissions to UCH in London. | Note review and questionnaire. | 40 cases described including 29 head injuries. These were severe with 3 fractures and 8 LOC. Severe head injury associated with non-IAS. |
| Frost J. Making playgrounds safe for children. 197918 | USA. | NEISS data. | Discussion re playground safety regulations. |
| Oliver T et al. Playground equipment and accidents. 198119 | Northern Sydney. | Surveys of 7 A&E units. | Falls to hard ground were identified as the prime mechanism of injury. 24% injuries were fractures, these comprised skull and limb fractures. |
| Children 2–12 years. | |||
| Limited data on 162 injuries. | |||
| Christensen S. Accidents with playground equipment 3. 198220 | A&E attendance Aarhus. 1–14 years. | Questionnaire A&E attendance Municipal hospitals in Aarhus. | 466 children. Injury severity increased with increasing fall height. The available surface should influence the maximum fall height. |
| Boyce W. Epidemiology of injuries in a large urban school district. 1984.21 | Tuscon school district. | School nurse data survey. | Playground injuries are relatively severe when compared to all injuries relating to sports and leisure equipment use. Younger children more likely to be injured on playgrounds. |