Laboratory findings in the child
| Parameter | First admission | Second admission | Normal values | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admission | 28 hours | 72 hours | Admission | 28 hours | 72 hours | ||
| *Urine net charge = urinary sodium + urinary potassium − urinary chloride. Positive, RTA; negative, extra-renal loss/acid load. | |||||||
| †Urinary pH in the presence of metabolic acidosis: <5.5, proximal RTA/acid load; >5.5, distal RTA. | |||||||
| pH | 6.95 | 7.332 | 7.407 | 7.10 | 7.358 | 7.414 | 7.35–7.45 |
| Bicarbonate (mmol/l) | 4.8 | 15.2 | 21 | 9.6 | 18.3 | 22.3 | 22–24 |
| Base excess (mmol/l) | −25.3 | −7.2 | −4 | −15 | −5.3 | −1.2 | ±2 |
| Sodium (mEq/l) | 152 | 145 | 143 | 133 | 138 | 134 | 135–145 |
| Potassium (mEq/l) | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.5–4.5 |
| Chloride (mEq/l) | – | – | – | 141 | 110 | 97 | 95–100 |
| Anion gap (mEq/l) | – | – | –17.6 | 9.7 | 13.7 | 10±2 | |
| Urine chloride (mEq/l) | – | – | – | 156 | 110 | 106 | |
| Urea (mg/dl) | 162 | 60 | 23 | 120 | 55 | 14 | 7–18 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.4 | – | 0.3 | 0.3 | – | 0.3 | 0.2–0.4 |
| Urine net charge* | – | – | – | −20 | −18 | −11 | |
| Urine pH† | – | – | – | 5.2 | 6.6 | 7.7 | |