Multivariate relation between upper respiratory infections at 1 year of age (hospital, doctor, or clinic visits, and hospital admission) and duration of breast feeding
| Upper respiratory tract infections* | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Four or more hospital, doctor, or clinic visits n=304/2456 | Hospital admission n=37/2456 | |||||||
| Crude | Adjusted† | Crude | Adjusted† | |||||
| Duration of feeding regime | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value |
| *Upper respiratory tract infection (otherwise non-specified), tonsillitis, otitis media, otitis media with effusion. | ||||||||
| †Independent effect of feeding exposure after adjustment for gender, gestational age, smoking in pregnancy, older siblings, maternal education, and maternal age. Each estimated odds ratio is adjusted for the effect of all other exposure variables. Values are odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) with p value following. For each level of exposure, the stated odds ratio contrasts the odds of infection (the infection category in the column headings compared with none) in individuals exposed at the time defined in column one compared with all later times. | ||||||||
| Predominant breast feeding <2 mth/2 mth+ | 1.39 (1.07 to 1.81) | 0.014 | 1.43 (1.02 to 2.01) | 0.041 | 2.47 (1.25 to 4.89) | 0.009 | 1.85 (0.79 to 4.34) | 0.158 |
| Partial (any) breast feeding <6 mth/6 mth+ | 1.22 (0.94 to 1.59) | 0.138 | 1.46 (1.07 to 2.00) | 0.018 | 1.65 (0.83 to 3.33) | 0.156 | 2.05 (0.88 to 4.76) | 0.097 |