Major causes of maternal deaths per million maternities notified to the CEMD: United Kingdom 1985–9911
1985–87 | 1988–90 | 1991–93 | 1994–96 | 1997–99 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Including sepsis in early pregnancy. | |||||
†Until 1993–96 counted as “coincidental”. | |||||
‡Until 1997–99 not classified separately. | |||||
Total maternities (n) | 2268766 | 2360309 | 2315204 | 2197640 | 2123614 |
Direct causes | |||||
Thrombosis and thromboembolism | 14.1 | 14.0 | 15.1 | 21.8 | 16.5 |
Pregnancy induced hypertension | 11.9 | 11.4 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 7.1 |
Haemorrhage | 4.4 | 9.3 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 3.3 |
Amniotic fluid embolism | 4.0 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 7.7 | 3.8 |
Early pregnancy | 7.9* | 7.6 | 5.2 | 6.8 | 8.0 |
Sepsis | 4.4 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.6 |
Uterine trauma | 2.6 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 1.0 |
Other | 9.3 | 5.9 | 4.3 | 0.9 | 2.3 |
Anaesthetic | 2.6 | 1.7 | 3.5 | 0.5 | 1.4 |
Indirect causes | |||||
Cardiac | 10.1 | 7.6 | 15.9 | 17.7 | 16.5 |
Psychiatric† | – | – | – | 4.1 | 7.1 |
Other | 37.0 | 31.0 | 27.0 | 39.1 | 35.3 |
Malignancies‡ | – | – | – | – | 5.1 |
Total direct and indirect causes | 98.2 | 100.1 | 98.1 | 121.9 | 114.0 |
Coincidental causes | 11.3 | 16.5 | 19.9 | 16.4 | 10.8 |
Late causes | – | 20.3 | 19.9 | 32.8 | 50.3 |