Table 1

Variables associated with the infants’ last/reference sleep as risk factors for SIDS

Variable	Cases		Controls		Univariate analysis*			Multivariate analysis
Variable	n	%	n	%	OR	95% CI	p value	OR	95% CI	p value
Adjusted for maternal age, education, smoking during pregnancy, social disadvantage, z scores for weight by gestation, whether breast feeding initiated at birth, baby being ill, crying/colic problems, symptoms in 48 h prior to last/reference sleep, and other variables listed in table (excluding variables for secondary and unaccustomed prone). *Adjusted for infant age.
†Odds ratios (OR) not available.
na, analysis not applicable due to non-significance of unadjusted odds ratio.
Placed prone	19	12	15	2	8.28	3.43 to 19.98	<0.001	11.47	1.24 to 106.06	<0.05
Placed in side position	68	44	230	37	1.76	1.16 to 2.66	<0.001	2.38	0.69 to 8.21	0.17
Co-sleeping	68	44	32	5	7.34	1.54 to 34.92	<0.01	16.47	3.73 to 72.75	<0.001
Use of pillows	68	44	73	12	7.03	4.27 to 11.58	<0.001	1.10	0.30 to 4.01	0.87
Tog of coverings ⩾10	101	67	310	50	2.34	1.53 to 3.58	<0.001	0.93	0.35 to 2.46	0.89
Use of duvets	81	53	118	19	5.27	3.38 to 8.22	<0.001	1.32	0.41 to 4.15	0.63
Absence of routine soother use	70	47	119	19	4.53	2.92 to 7.01	<0.001	5.86	2.37 to 14.36	<0.01
Secondary prone position	17	11	24	4	2.07	0.99 to 4.32	0.052	na	na	na
Unaccustomed prone position	12	8	1	0.2	†	†	†	†	†	†