Table 2

Conditions associated with calcium stones

Hypercalciuria with normocalcaemia
Idiopathic
Distal renal tubular acidosis
Frusemide treatment
Generalised renal tubulopathies
Hyperalimentation
Hypophosphataemia
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Medullary sponge kidney
Hypercalcaemia
Endocrine disorders
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Adrenocorticoid excess
Vitamin D excess
Hypercalciuria and low molecular weight proteinuria
Dent's disease
Hypercalciuria
Tubular proteinuria
Nephrocalcinosis
Rickets
Renal impairment
Chloride channel defect X linked Xp 11.22-3