Table 5

Association of individual health items (frequent symptoms) to direct bullying status (n = 1560–1628)

Health item (symptoms last 6 months)Direct bullying status
BullyBully/victimVictimNeutral
Sore throat (4 times or more)5-165 2/65 ( 3.1%)10/160 (6.3%)70/623 (11.2%)48/713 ( 6.7%)
Cold/coughs (4 times or more)5-150 2/65 (3.1%)14/160 (8.8%)58/623 (9.3%)39/713 (5.5%)
Breathing problems (3 times or more)5-150 3/65 (4.6%)15/160 (9.4%)57/623 (9.1%)38/713 (5.3%)
Nausea (4 times or more)5-160 7/65 (10.8%)23/160 (14.4%)79/623 (12.7%)50/713 (7.0%)
Poor appetite (once a week or more)5-150 6/69 (8.7%)14/165 (8.5%)53/648 (8.2%)35/746 (4.7%)
Worried about school (once a month or more)5-160 8/69 (11.6%)23/165 (13.9%)107/648 (16.5%)74/746 (9.9%)
Made up illnesses (sometimes/often)5-160 18/65 (27.7%)53/160 (33.1%)237/623 (38.0%)209/713 (29.3%)
  • 5-150 p < 0.05,

  • 5-160 p < 0.01,

  • 5-165 p < 0.001.