Baseline characteristics of breakthrough exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), non-breakthrough EIB and non-EIB groups
| Characteristics | Breakthrough EIB (N=12) | Non-breakthrough EIB (N=7) | Non-EIB (N=11) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 11.6 (8.2–15.3) | 12.5 (11.5–14.2) | 12.6 (9.3–15.0) | 0.51 |
| Male | 6 (50) | 5 (71) | 9 (82) | 0.62 |
| BMI z score | 0.8 (−0.4 to 2.4) | 0.6 (−1.4 to 2.2) | 0.7 (−0.8 to 1.3) | 0.65 |
| ICS | 12 (100) | 6 (86) | 8 (73) | 0.16 |
| Fluticasone 250 µg 2 bd | 3 | 2 | 0 | |
| Beclomethasone 100 µg 2 bd | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Budesonide 200 µg 2 bd | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Ciclesonide 160 µg 1 bd | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| LABA (combination therapy) | 8 (67) | 3 (43) | 4 (36) | 0.32 |
| Budesonide/formoterol 200/6 µg 2 bd | 4 | 3 | 2 | |
| Fluticasone/salmeterol 250/50 µg 2 bd | 4 | 0 | 2 | |
| LTRA | 4 (33) | 3 (43) | 5 (46) | 0.83 |
| FeNO (ppb) | 28 (11–84) | 31 (14–119) | 30 (11–48) | 0.66 |
| ACQ | 1.3 (0.3–3.2) | 2.0 (1.0–3.2) | 1.2 (0.0–1.8) | 0.31 |
| FEV1 (% predicted) | 83.3±9.2 | 86.7±11.7 | 89.7±12.9 | 0.40 |
| Mean HR during exercise | 75.7±2.8 | 78.5±1.6 | 79.5±2.9 | <0.01 |
Results are expressed as median (minimum to maximum), mean values±SD or as numbers (percentages).
ACQ, Asthma Control Questionnaire; BMI, body mass index; FeNO, fraction exhaled nitric oxide; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; HR, heart rate (% of maximum); ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long acting bronchodilator agent; LTRA, leukotriene antagonist (montelukast 1 dd 5 mg); bd, twice daily.