TY - JOUR T1 - Early life exposure to coal mine fire and tobacco smoke affect subclinical vascular function JF - Archives of Disease in Childhood JO - Arch Dis Child DO - 10.1136/archdischild-2019-317528 SP - archdischild-2019-317528 AU - Bing Zhao AU - Fay H Johnston AU - Tierney O’Sullivan AU - Grant J Williamson AU - Shannon Melody AU - Marita Dalton AU - Alison Venn AU - Kazuaki Negishi Y1 - 2019/12/20 UR - http://adc.bmj.com/content/early/2019/12/20/archdischild-2019-317528.abstract N2 - Objective To evaluate whether vascular health in young children was associated with exposure to a 6-week episode of coal mine fire smoke or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in a retrospective cohort study.Methods Three years after a coal mine fire in Victoria, Australia, we investigated the vascular health of children either in utero (n=75) or aged <2 years (postnatal exposure, n=96) at the time of the fire. The outcomes were the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV). The mean and peak daily particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) exposures were estimated based on their daily locations throughout the fire period. Multivariable linear regression models were used to test for associations between the fire-related PM2.5 and outcomes adjusted for relevant covariates including ETS.Results In the postnatal-exposure group, each 10 µg/m³ increase in mean PM2.5 level was independently positively associated with PWV (β=0.116, p=0.028). When these two groups were combined, there was an association between mean PM2.5 and increased PWV in those children who had ETS exposure (β=0.148, p=0.033) or whose mothers smoked (β=0.151, p=0.011), but not in those not exposed to ETS or maternal smoking.Conclusions Three years after a coal mine fire, infants aged up to 2 years at the time of exposure have increases in vascular stiffness. Although no adverse effects were observed in the in uterus exposure group, further follow-up study is needed to elucidate the long-term effects of coal mine fire smoke exposure. ER -