TY - JOUR T1 - Question 1: Are alpha-antagonists useful in promoting the passage of renal stones in children? JF - Archives of Disease in Childhood JO - Arch Dis Child SP - 806 LP - 808 DO - 10.1136/archdischild-2018-315230 VL - 103 IS - 8 AU - Rhoda Mary Greeves AU - Andrew Thompson AU - Thomas Bourke Y1 - 2018/08/01 UR - http://adc.bmj.com/content/103/8/806.1.abstract N2 - A 10-year-old boy presented with a 1-week history of crampy abdominal pain and haematuria. He complained of flank tenderness and the abdominal X-ray and ultrasound of his abdomen suggested a left renal stone. This was confirmed on CT scan as 3 mm in size. At a handover meeting, it was suggested that alpha-antagonists, which are often used in adult patients, could be used in the treatment of this child. You wonder whether these are better than conservative medical management.In children with renal stones (population) does treatment with an alpha blocker (intervention) compared with conservative medical management with analgesia alone (comparison) increase stone expulsion rate (outcome)?We searched PubMed on 14 March 2018 using the terms (paediatric OR pediatric OR child) AND (renal calculi OR renal stone OR nephrolithiasis OR urolithiasis OR ureteric stone OR ureteric calculi) AND (alpha blocker OR doxazosin OR tamsulosin). Non-paediatric studies and those which looked at the use of alpha-antagonists after shock wave lithotripsy were excluded. Twenty-one papers were found and assessed and 17 qualified for further review. Nine were found to be relevant on abstract review, of which four were systematic reviews. Five of these relevant papers were not included as they had been included in the systematic review articles. A total of four systematic reviews were subsequently analysed (table 1).View this table:In this windowIn a new windowTable 1 Summary of included articlesSee table 1.The incidence of renal stones in children is increasing.1–5 In adult patients, the use of medical expulsive therapy is well established to … ER -