PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Julie C Lumeng AU - Katherine H Hillman TI - Eating in larger groups increases food consumption AID - 10.1136/adc.2006.103259 DP - 2007 May 01 TA - Archives of Disease in Childhood PG - 384--387 VI - 92 IP - 5 4099 - http://adc.bmj.com/content/92/5/384.short 4100 - http://adc.bmj.com/content/92/5/384.full SO - Arch Dis Child2007 May 01; 92 AB - Objective: To determine whether children’s food consumption is increased by the size of the group of children in which they are eating. Design: Crossover study. Setting: University based preschool. Participants: 54 children, aged 2.5–6.5 years. Interventions: Each child ate a standardised snack in a group of three children, and in a group of nine children. Main outcome measures: Amount each individual child consumed, in grams. Results: Amount eaten and snack duration were correlated (r = 0.71). The association between group size and amount eaten differed in the short (<11.4 min) versus the long (⩾11.4 min) snacks (p = 0.02 for the interaction between group size and snack duration). During short snacks, there was no effect of group size on amount eaten (16.7 (SD 11) g eaten in small groups vs 15.1 (6.6) g eaten in large groups, p = 0.42). During long snacks, large group size increased the amount eaten (34.5 (16) vs 26.5 (13.8), p = 0.02). The group size effect was partially explained by a shorter latency to begin eating, a faster eating rate and reduced social interaction in larger groups. Conclusions: Children consumed 30% more food when eating in a group of nine children than when eating in a group of three children during longer snacks. Social facilitation of food consumption operates in preschool-aged children. The group size effect merits consideration in creating eating behaviour interventions.