PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - E Thisted
AU  - F Ebbesen
TI  - Malformations, withdrawal manifestations, and hypoglycaemia after exposure to valproate in utero.
AID  - 10.1136/adc.69.3_Spec_No.288
DP  - 1993 Sep 01
TA  - Archives of Disease in Childhood
PG  - 288--291
VI  - 69
IP  - 3 Spec No
4099  - http://adc.bmj.com/content/69/3_Spec_No/288.short
4100  - http://adc.bmj.com/content/69/3_Spec_No/288.full
SO  - Arch Dis Child1993 Sep 01; 69
AB  - An unselected series is presented of 17 infants born to epileptic mothers and exposed to sodium valproate during pregnancy. Nine infants had minor abnormalities and of these infants five also had major malformations, described as the 'fetal valproate syndrome'. The most frequent malformation was congenital heart disease. Nine of the infants had manifestations of withdrawal, such as irritability, jitteriness, abnormalities of tone, seizures, and feeding problems. Four of these infants had an unrelated hypoglycaemia. The frequency of withdrawal symptoms was significantly related to the dose of valproate given to the mothers in the third trimester, and there was a tendency for both the frequency of the minor abnormalities and the major malformations to be related to the valproate dosage in the first trimester.