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Review
Investigation and management of hypocalcaemia
  1. Ruchi Nadar1,
  2. Nick Shaw1,2
  1. 1Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
  2. 2Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
  1. Correspondence to Professor Nick Shaw, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK; nick.shaw{at}nhs.net

Abstract

Hypocalcaemia is a common clinical scenario in children with a range of aetiological causes. It will often present with common symptoms but may occasionally be identified in an asymptomatic child. An understanding of the physiological regulation of plasma calcium is important in understanding the potential cause of hypocalcaemia and its appropriate management. The age of presentation will influence the likely differential diagnosis. We have presented a stepwise approach to the investigation of hypocalcaemia dependent on the circulating serum parathyroid hormone level at the time of presentation. The acute and long-term management of the underlying condition is also reviewed.

  • bone metabolism
  • endocrinology

https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-317482

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors Both authors have contributed to the entire process of planning, review of literature and manuscript preparation for this article.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Provenance and peer review Commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data availability statement Data sharing not applicable as no datasets generated and/or analysed for this study.