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Original article
Fever duration during treated urinary tract infections and development of permanent renal lesions
  1. Kyriaki Karavanaki1,
  2. Athina Maria Koufadaki2,
  3. Alexandra Soldatou3,
  4. Charalambos Tsentidis4,
  5. Maria Sourani5,
  6. Dimitris Gougourelas6,
  7. Fotis Angelos Haliotis7,
  8. Constantinos J Stefanidis8
  1. 1 Second Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece
  2. 2 Second Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece
  3. 3 Second Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece
  4. 4 Second Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece
  5. 5 Second Department of Pediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece
  6. 6 Second Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, "P&A Kyriakou" Childrens' Hospital, Athens, Greece
  7. 7 Second Department of Pediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece
  8. 8 Department of Nephrology, "P&A Kyriakou" Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece
  1. Correspondence to Dr Alexandra Soldatou, Second Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, ‘P and A Kyriakou’ Children’s Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece; alex_soldatou{at}hotmail.com

Abstract

Objective To assess the effect of the duration of fever after the initiation of treatment (FAT) of febrile urinary tract infections (UTI) on the development of permanent renal lesions based on dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy findings. To evaluate the FAT contribution to permanent renal lesion formation in relation to fever before treatment initiation (FBT), the presence of vesicourinary reflux (VUR), age and severity of infection.

Methods The inpatient records of 148 children (median age: 2.4 months (11 days to 24 months)) with a first episode of UTI during a 3-year period were analysed. DMSA findings, and clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated.

Results Among the study population, 34/148 (22.97%) children had permanent renal lesions on the DMSA scan 6 months after a single episode of UTI. Twenty-three children (15.5%) had mild, 10 (6.7%) had moderate and 1 (0.6%) child had severe lesions on the DMSA. FAT prolongation >/48 hours was associated with older age (p=0.01) and increased absolute neutrophil count (p=0.042). The likelihood of lesions was significantly increased when FAT was ≥48 hours (R2=0.043, p=0.021). On multiple regression analysis, with the addition of FBT>/72 hours (0.022), the presence of VUR (p<0.001), C-reactive protein (p=0.027) and age (p=0.031), the effect of FAT on lesion development disappeared (p=0.15).

Conclusions Prolongation of FAT≥48 hours of febrile UTI in children <2 years significantly contributes to the development of permanent renal lesions. However, delay in treatment initiation >/72 hours, the presence of VUR, older age and infection severity seem to be more significant predictors of the development of renal lesions.

  • acute pyelonephritis
  • childhood
  • renal scarring
  • fever after treatment initiation
  • fever before treatment

https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-314576

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors All authors have contributed equally to this manuscript.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None decalred.

    • Patient consent Not required.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.